TY - JOUR U1 - Zeitschriftenartikel, wissenschaftlich - begutachtet (reviewed) A1 - Westhoff, Dirk A1 - Zeiser, Maximilian T1 - Measuring the World: How the Smartphone Industry Impacts Cyber Deterrence Credibility JF - International Journal of Cyber Warfare and Terrorism (IJCWT) N2 - The authors claim that location information of stationary ICT components can never be unclassified. They describe how swarm-mapping crowd sourcing is used by Apple and Google to worldwide harvest geo-location information on wireless access points and mobile telecommunication systems' base stations to build up gigantic databases with very exclusive access rights. After having highlighted the known technical facts, in the speculative part of this article, the authors argue how this may impact cyber deterrence strategies of states and alliances understanding the cyberspace as another domain of geostrategic relevance. The states and alliances spectrum of activities due to the potential existence of such databases may range from geopolitical negotiations by institutions understanding international affairs as their core business, mitigation approaches at a technical level, over means of cyber deterrence-by-retaliation. Y1 - 2018 SN - 1947-3443 SS - 1947-3443 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4018/IJCWT.2018040101 DO - https://doi.org/10.4018/IJCWT.2018040101 VL - 8 IS - 2 SP - 16 S1 - 16 PB - IGI Global ER -