@article{ScholzZimmermannSikoraetal.2020,
  author    = {Alexander Scholz and Lukas Zimmermann and Axel Sikora and Mehdi Baradaran Tahoori and Jasmin Aghassi-Hagmann},
  title     = {Embedded Analog Physical Unclonable Function System to Extract Reliable and Unique Security Keys},
  series   = {Applied Sciences},
  volume    = {10},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {2076-3417},
  doi       = {10.3390/app10030759},
  url       = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ofb1-opus4-39857},
  pages     = {759},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Internet of Things (IoT) enabled devices have become more and more pervasive in our everyday lives. Examples include wearables transmitting and processing personal data and smart labels interacting with customers. Due to the sensitive data involved, these devices need to be protected against attackers. In this context, hardware-based security primitives such as Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) provide a powerful solution to secure interconnected devices. The main benefit of PUFs, in combination with traditional cryptographic methods, is that security keys are derived from the random intrinsic variations of the underlying core circuit. In this work, we present a holistic analog-based PUF evaluation platform, enabling direct access to a scalable design that can be customized to fit the application requirements in terms of the number of required keys and bit width. The proposed platform covers the full software and hardware implementations and allows for tracing the PUF response generation from the digital level back to the internal analog voltages that are directly involved in the response generation procedure. Our analysis is based on 30 fabricated PUF cores that we evaluated in terms of PUF security metrics and bit errors for various temperatures and biases. With an average reliability of 99.20\% and a uniqueness of 48.84\%, the proposed system shows values close to ideal.},
  language  = {en}
}