TY - JOUR U1 - Zeitschriftenartikel, wissenschaftlich - begutachtet (reviewed) A1 - Kupper, Christian A1 - Weißhar, Björn A1 - Rißmann, Sascha A1 - Bessler, Wolfgang G. T1 - End-of-Life Prediction of a Lithium-Ion Battery Cell Based on Mechanistic Aging Models of the Graphite Electrode JF - Journal of The Electrochemical Society N2 - We present an electrochemical model of a lithium iron phosphate/graphite (LFP/C6) cell that includes combined aging mechanisms: (i) Electrochemical formation of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) at the anode, leading to loss of lithium inventory, (ii) breaking of the SEI due to volume changes of the graphite particles, causing accelerated SEI growth, and (iii) loss of active material due to of loss percolation of the liquid electrolyte resulting from electrode dry-out. The latter requires the introduction of an activity-saturation relationship. A time-upscaling methodology is developed that allows to simulate large time spans (thousands of operating hours). The combined modeling and simulation framework is able to predict calendaric and cyclic aging up to the end of life of the battery cells. The aging parameters are adjusted to match literature calendaric and cyclic aging experiments, resulting in quantitative agreement of simulated nonlinear capacity loss with experimental data. The model predicts and provides an interpretation for the dependence of capacity loss on temperature, cycling depth, and average SOC. The introduction of a percolation threshold in the activity-saturation relationship allows to capture the strong nonlinearity of aging toward end of life (“sudden death”). KW - Aging KW - Lifetime KW - LAM KW - LLI KW - Lithium-ion battery (LIB) KW - Modeling KW - Simulation Y1 - 2018 UN - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ofb1-opus4-32207 SN - 0013-4651 SS - 0013-4651 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0941814jes DO - https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0941814jes VL - 165 IS - 14 SP - A3468 EP - A3480 PB - The Electrochemical Society CY - Pennington, NJ ER -