TY  - JOUR
U1  - Zeitschriftenartikel, wissenschaftlich - begutachtet (reviewed)
A1  - Felhauer, Tobias
A1  - Schmidt, Patrick
A1  - Grünwald, Waldemar
A1  - Magaña, Mario E.
T1  - Beam Forming and Steering with INS for Cellular Phones to reduce EM Radiation Exposure
JF  - Wirless Personal Communications
N2  - Cellular phone antennas are generally designed to have radiation patterns that are as omnidirectional as possible. Omnidirectional antennas allow a phone’s radio to work well for many orientations of the phone with respect to the cellular base station. Recent studies, however, are generating uncertainty about the health effects of prolonged exposure to electromagnetic (EM) radiation from cellular phones. In this paper, an antenna array is designed primarily to minimize users’ exposure to EM radiation. The antenna comprises a beamforming 4 by 3 array of microstrip patch antennas that is controlled by an accelerometer-only inertial navigation system. The proposed design reduces radiated power directed toward the user to below 10% of the total in the worst case.
KW  - Beamforming
KW  - Beamforming
Y1  - 2017
UR  - https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11277-017-4490-y.pdf
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-017-4490-y
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-017-4490-y
VL  - 97
IS  - 1
SP  - 19
EP  - 39
ER  -