@article{MayurStrahlHusaretal.2015,
  author    = {Mayur, Manik and Strahl, Stephan and Husar, Attila and Bessler, Wolfgang G.},
  title     = {A multi-timescale modeling methodology for PEMFC performance and durability in a virtual fuel cell car},
  journal   = {International journal of hydrogen energy},
  volume    = {40},
  organization    = {International Association for Hydrogen Energy},
  issn      = {0360-3199 (Print)},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.ijhydene.2015.09.152},
  institution = {INES - Institut f{\"u}r nachhaltige Energiesysteme},
  pages     = {16466 -- 16476},
  year      = {2015},
  abstract  = {The durability of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) is governed by a nonlinear coupling between system demand, component behavior, and physicochemical degradation mechanisms, occurring on timescales from the sub-second to the thousand-hour. We present a simulation methodology for assessing performance and durability of a PEMFC under automotive driving cycles. The simulation framework consists of (a) a fuel cell car model converting velocity to cell power demand, (b) a 2D multiphysics cell model, (c) a flexible degradation library template that can accommodate physically-based component-wise degradation mechanisms, and (d) a time-upscaling methodology for extrapolating degradation during a representative load cycle to multiple cycles. The computational framework describes three different time scales, (1) sub-second timescale of electrochemistry, (2) minute-timescale of driving cycles, and (3) thousand-hour-timescale of cell ageing. We demonstrate an exemplary PEMFC durability analysis due to membrane degradation under a highly transient loading of the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC).},
  subject      = {Polymer-Elektrolytmembran-Brennstoffzelle},
  language  = {en}
}