@article{HeckNappSimonatoetal.,
  author    = {Heck, Joachim G. and Napp, Joanna and Simonato, Sara and M{\"o}llmer, Jens and Lange, Marcus and Reichardt, Holger M. and Staudt, Reiner and Alves, Frauke and Feldmann, Claus},
  title     = {Multifunctional Phosphate-Based Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Nanoparticles},
  series = {Journal of the American Chemical Society},
  volume    = {137},
  publisher = {ACS Publications},
  issn      = {0002-7863},
  doi       = {10.1021/jacs.5b01172},
  pages     = {7329 -- 7336},
  abstract  = {Phosphate-based inorganic-organic hybrid nanoparticles (IOH-NPs) with the general composition [M]2+[Rfunction(O)PO3]2- (M = ZrO, Mg2O; R = functional organic group) show multipurpose and multifunctional properties. If [Rfunction(O)PO3]2- is a fluorescent dye anion ([RdyeOPO3]2-), the IOH-NPs show blue, green, red, and near-infrared fluorescence. This is shown for [ZrO]2+[PUP]2-, [ZrO]2+[MFP]2-, [ZrO]2+[RRP]2-, and [ZrO]2+[DUT]2- (PUP = phenylumbelliferon phosphate, MFP = methylfluorescein phosphate, RRP = resorufin phosphate, DUT = Dyomics-647 uridine triphosphate). With pharmaceutical agents as functional anions ([RdrugOPO3]2-), drug transport and release of anti-inflammatory ([ZrO]2+[BMP]2-) and antitumor agents ([ZrO]2+[FdUMP]2-) with an up to 80\% load of active drug is possible (BMP = betamethason phosphate, FdUMP = 5′-fluoro-2′-deoxyuridine 5′-monophosphate). A combination of fluorescent dye and drug anions is possible as well and shown for [ZrO]2+[BMP]2-0.996[DUT]2-0.004. Merging of functional anions, in general, results in [ZrO]2+([RdrugOPO3]1-x[RdyeOPO3]x)2- nanoparticles and is highly relevant for theranostics. Amine-based functional anions in [MgO]2+[RaminePO3]2- IOH-NPs, finally, show CO2 sorption (up to 180 mg g-1) and can be used for CO2/N2 separation (selectivity up to α = 23). This includes aminomethyl phosphonate [AMP]2-, 1-aminoethyl phosphonate [1AEP]2-, 2-aminoethyl phosphonate [2AEP]2-, aminopropyl phosphonate [APP]2-, and aminobutyl phosphonate [ABP]2-. All [M]2+[Rfunction(O)PO3]2- IOH-NPs are prepared via noncomplex synthesis in water, which facilitates practical handling and which is optimal for biomedical application. In sum, all IOH-NPs have very similar chemical compositions but can address a variety of different functions, including fluorescence, drug delivery, and CO2 sorption.},
  language  = {en}
}