TY - GEN U1 - Studien- und Projektarbeit A1 - Bernhardt, Marcel A1 - Krämer, Bianca T1 - Slovak Government Measures for Automotive Exporters in Times of COVID-19 Crisis N2 - The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an economic downturn in the Slovak Republic. To bridge corporate liquidity problems the Slovakian Government has introduced several support measures. The investigation discusses the effectiveness of the measures imposed. Based on theoretical foundations, the research question is empirically examined by using a qualitative expert survey. As the automotive industry plays a leading role in Slovakia, the research conducted is oriented towards the financing phases, a typical automotive exporter is undergoing. As a result of the research, bridging loans and government grants were identified as the most important measures. Additionally, tendencies towards political recommendations for action were identified. The research explored, that the Slovakian Government should focus on meeting the short-term liquidity needs, boosting exports and promoting innovation as well as considering a support package for the automotive industry. T3 - IfTI Working Paper - 11 (2020) KW - COVID-19 KW - Crisis KW - Corona KW - Slovakia KW - Government Measures Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:ofb1-opus4-41274 UN - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:ofb1-opus4-41274 SP - 16 S1 - 16 ER - TY - GEN U1 - Studien- und Projektarbeit A1 - Diepolder, Laura A1 - Dietmeier, Isabella A1 - Fechter, Franziska T1 - Austrian Government Measures for Exporters in Times of COVID-19 Crisis N2 - The research paper provides important findings about the development, difficulties and perception of the support measures for exporters introduced by the Austrian government in times of COVID-19 crisis. Based on a literature review using secondary data, eight qualitative interviews were conducted with experts from the Austrian economy and government, among them the Austrian ECA ‘Oesterreichische Kontrollbank AG’. To balance the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Austrian economy, a broad coverage with financing instruments for a wide range of target groups was established. Although the support measures have been well received by companies, insolvencies cannot completely be prevented. Nevertheless, the actual effects are not yet predictable and need to be assessed in further research at a later point in time. T3 - IfTI Working Paper - 2 (2020) KW - Export KW - Austria KW - Government KW - COVID-19 KW - Crisis KW - ECA KW - Trade KW - Corona Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:ofb1-opus4-41268 UN - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:ofb1-opus4-41268 SP - 17 S1 - 17 ER - TY - GEN U1 - Studien- und Projektarbeit A1 - Dresel, Franziska A1 - Grimm, Alexander A1 - Keck, Saskia T1 - French Government Support Measures for ETI Exporters in Times of the COVID-19 Pandemic N2 - The COVID-19 pandemic has been spreading rapidly across the globe and has seriously affected global trade. In order to reduce the pandemic’s impact on their economy, the French government released a support plan referring to the COVID-19 crisis. Since mid-tier companies play a leading role in France’s export, this paper deals with the measures taken by the French government to support especially French mid-tier export companies. Based on empirical literature and recent publications, the research question is analyzed by conducting interviews with experts, such as market participants, governmental institutions and an expert for trade and innovation. As a result of the research, the emergency measures taken by the French government, such as the CAP Francexport reinsurance scheme, the extension of cover for export guarantees, additional information and assistance, and the deferral of tax and social security contributions have mitigated the effects at first instance. T3 - IfTI Working Paper - 8 (2020) KW - Export KW - Exportfinanzierung KW - Finance KW - Exportfinance KW - COVID-19 KW - COVID-19 KW - Government Measures KW - France Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:ofb1-opus4-41477 UN - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:ofb1-opus4-41477 SP - 13 S1 - 13 ER - TY - GEN U1 - Studien- und Projektarbeit A1 - Fischer, Alisa A1 - Oßwald, Marius A1 - Wenzel, Steffen A1 - Santo, Michael T1 - German Government Measures for SME Exporters in Times of COVID-19 Crisis N2 - The COVID-19 pandemic has the global economy under control. This paper deals with the economic consequences in Germany and shows the measures taken by the German government to support especially small and medium-sized export companies. The structure of the German economy and foreign trade promotion are explained as a basis. After considering the government's support measures, an evaluation of country comparisons shows that there is still potential for further measures, especially in direct lending and debt moratorium. The analysis is based on quantitative data from surveys and qualitative results from interviews with relevant ministries and market participants as well as recent publications. T3 - IfTI Working Paper - 9 (2020) KW - COVID-19 KW - Government Measures KW - Corona KW - Crisis KW - Export Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:ofb1-opus4-41370 UN - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:ofb1-opus4-41370 SP - 18 S1 - 18 ER - TY - GEN U1 - Studien- und Projektarbeit A1 - Guaglianone, Danilo Carmine A1 - Mauderer, Tobias T1 - Italian Government Measures for Exporters in Times of Crisis N2 - The aim of this essay is to analyse and evaluate the Italian government measures for exporters in response to COVID-19. The unexpected, rapid and hardly predictable consequences of the pandemic paralyzed the entire globe. For a long time, Italy was the epicentre of the virus, which caused severe damage in the Italian export economy dropping temporarily more than 40%. The Italian government reacted exemplary fast and took multiple countermeasures of high extent especially through the Italian export credit agency SACE. On the one hand, the internationally compared broad structure of SACE was a huge advantage, which allowed to release quickly numerous measures. On the other hand, there is room for improvement regarding the accessibility of measure-related information, which has been partially only available in Italian. Furthermore, there is a remarkable risk resulting from the combination of the high monetary effort to enable the numerous measures, the difficult financial situation of the Italian government and the unpredictability of the COVID-19 consequences. T3 - IfTI Working Paper - 10 (2020) KW - COVID-19 KW - Crisis KW - Corona KW - Government Measures KW - Italy Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:ofb1-opus4-41386 UN - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:ofb1-opus4-41386 SP - 18 S1 - 18 ER - TY - GEN U1 - Studien- und Projektarbeit A1 - Harter, Philipp A1 - Labudda, Marie T1 - Belgian Government Measures for Exporters in Times of COVID-19 Crisis N2 - This seminar paper examines government measures to support export-oriented companies in Belgium. After a short overview of the Belgian economy and the impact of the Covid-19 crisis, the paper introduces the available government measures for exporters. In particular, the role of Credendo as a Belgian export-credit insurance company will be discussed, and its measures will be examined in more detail. In addition, federal measures of the Belgian government will be identified, and a summary of the most important regional measures will be provided. The entirety of government measures available to export-oriented companies will be reviewed and options for the future activities of export-oriented companies will be pointed out. T3 - IfTI Working Paper - 3 (2020) KW - COVID-19 KW - Corona KW - Government Measures KW - Crisis KW - Belgium KW - Export Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:ofb1-opus4-42026 UN - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:ofb1-opus4-42026 SP - 12 S1 - 12 ER - TY - GEN U1 - Studien- und Projektarbeit A1 - Hettig, Chiara A1 - Gerst, Sonja A1 - Matheis, Marc T1 - Denmark Government Measures for Exporters in Times of COVID-19 Crisis N2 - In this work, the authors have dealt with the question of what measures have been taken by the Danish government to support exporters during the time of COVID-19. The analysis first looks at Denmark's general economic situation. In the following, Denmark's governmental and financial measures to support exporters are briefly explained. In addition to the economic and financial effects, the issue of green energy has also become a major focus of political attention in times of crisis. Denmark is a pioneer in the wind energy sector and accounts for a large share of exports. For this reason, the impact and possible future developments for the wind sector in connection with the pandemic are also being investigated. T3 - IfTI Working Paper - 5 (2020) KW - COVID-19 KW - Denmark KW - Government Measures KW - Crisis Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:ofb1-opus4-41254 UN - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:ofb1-opus4-41254 SP - 14 S1 - 14 ER - TY - GEN U1 - Studien- und Projektarbeit A1 - Huber, Tanja A1 - Leier, Christian A1 - Walz, Natalie T1 - Swiss Government Measures for Exporters in Times of COVID-19 Crisis N2 - The coronavirus affects the strongly export-oriented Swiss economy in a situation where political and economic developments are already making the cross-border exchange of goods and services difficult. For this reason, the question arises of how Switzerland can maintain or strengthen its position in global competition in the export business during an unprecedented period of crisis such as the current one. In order to find an answer to this question, this paper critically examines the existing government support measures for Swiss exporters in times of COVID-19. The fact that Switzerland has so far not taken any specific support measures for exporters raises the actual research question of whether there is a specific necessity and demand for a special export promotion. To answer this research question, various expert opinions are compared and overall conclusions are drawn. By rapidly introducing and adapting the already existing instruments – liquidity assistance and an expansion of short-time work benefits – the federal government was able to ensure the survival of many companies. According to the authors of this paper, this focus of government support in times of crisis is just right for a small national economy in the short term and therefore preferable to a specific support of exporters. Nevertheless, given the high relative importance of foreign trade for Switzerland’s overall economic performance, there can be no recovery of national economy without a recovery of foreign trade. T3 - IfTI Working Paper - 13(2020) KW - Export KW - Exportfinanzierung KW - COVID-19 KW - Corona KW - Government Measures KW - Außenhandel Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:ofb1-opus4-41777 UN - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:ofb1-opus4-41777 SP - 11 S1 - 11 ER - TY - GEN U1 - Studien- und Projektarbeit A1 - Jachwitz, Lena-Louise A1 - Schäfer, David A1 - Schmutz, Simon T1 - British Government long-term Measures for Exporters in the Manufacturing Sector in Times of COVID-19 N2 - The authors of this paper have addressed the question of what measures have been taken by the British government to support exporters in the manufacturing sector in the era of COVID-19. A classification of the manufacturing export industry in the British economy as a whole and the impending economic impact of COVID-19 were also examined. It should be noted that the United Kingdom is facing major structural changes as a result of the Corona pandemic and its withdrawal from the European Union, which are examined more in detail in this paper. The UKEF, in cooperation with other institutions, provides a number of finance facilities for exporters already before Corona crisis. The access to get this support has been facilitated for the COVID-19 affected exporters, but no additional measures were made available. T3 - IfTI Working Paper - 14 (2020) KW - COVID-19 KW - Crisis KW - Corona KW - Government Measures KW - Great Britain Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:ofb1-opus4-41441 UN - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:ofb1-opus4-41441 SP - 18 S1 - 18 ER - TY - GEN U1 - Studien- und Projektarbeit A1 - Merkel, Lukas A1 - Feißt, Robin A1 - Müller, Philipp T1 - Spanish Government Measures for SME Exporters in Times of COVID-19 Crisis N2 - This essay deals with the Spanish economy and especially with the Spanish governmental measures for SME exporters in times of COVID-19. The focus was set on SMEs, as they are an essential part of trade for the government and are particularly affected by the pandemic. Since the financial crisis, the Spanish economy has become highly diversified, with a greater focus on exports. Competitiveness, productivity and efficiency have increased significantly. The Spanish government measures largely affect the areas liquidity and financing, taxes and protection of the employment. One of the most important measures is the 100-billion-euro credit line and the policies on unemployment. The Spanish government is dependent on further aid packages and is criticized for the measures. T3 - IfTI Working Paper - 12 (2020) KW - Spain KW - COVID-19 KW - SMEs KW - Government Measures Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:ofb1-opus4-41353 UN - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:ofb1-opus4-41353 SP - 15 S1 - 15 ER -