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Extracting horizon surfaces from 3D seismic data using deep learning

  • Extracting horizon surfaces from key reflections in a seismic image is an important step of the interpretation process. Interpreting a reflection surface in a geologically complex area is a difficult and time-consuming task, and it requires an understanding of the 3D subsurface geometry. Common methods to help automate the process are based on tracking waveforms in a local window around manualExtracting horizon surfaces from key reflections in a seismic image is an important step of the interpretation process. Interpreting a reflection surface in a geologically complex area is a difficult and time-consuming task, and it requires an understanding of the 3D subsurface geometry. Common methods to help automate the process are based on tracking waveforms in a local window around manual picks. Those approaches often fail when the wavelet character lacks lateral continuity or when reflections are truncated by faults. We have formulated horizon picking as a multiclass segmentation problem and solved it by supervised training of a 3D convolutional neural network. We design an efficient architecture to analyze the data over multiple scales while keeping memory and computational needs to a practical level. To allow for uncertainties in the exact location of the reflections, we use a probabilistic formulation to express the horizons position. By using a masked loss function, we give interpreters flexibility when picking the training data. Our method allows experts to interactively improve the results of the picking by fine training the network in the more complex areas. We also determine how our algorithm can be used to extend horizons to the prestack domain by following reflections across offsets planes, even in the presence of residual moveout. We validate our approach on two field data sets and show that it yields accurate results on nontrivial reflectivity while being trained from a workable amount of manually picked data. Initial training of the network takes approximately 1 h, and the fine training and prediction on a large seismic volume take a minute at most.show moreshow less

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Metadaten
Document Type:Article (reviewed)
Zitierlink: https://opus.hs-offenburg.de/4408
Bibliografische Angaben
Title (English):Extracting horizon surfaces from 3D seismic data using deep learning
Author:Janis KeuperStaff MemberORCiDGND, Valentin Tschannen, Norman Ettrich, Matthias Delescluse
Year of Publication:2020
Creating Corporation:Society of Exploration Geophysicists ; American Association of Petroleum Geologists
First Page:17
Last Page:26
Parent Title (English):Geophysics
Volume:85
Issue:3
ISSN:1942-2156 (Online)
ISSN:0016-8033 (Print)
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1190/geo2019-0569.1
Language:English
Inhaltliche Informationen
Institutes:Fakultät Elektrotechnik, Medizintechnik und Informatik (EMI) (ab 04/2019)
Forschung / IMLA - Institute for Machine Learning and Analytics
Institutes:Bibliografie
DDC classes:500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik
Formale Angaben
Open Access: Open Access 
Licence (German):License LogoUrheberrechtlich geschützt