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The demand of wireless solutions in industrial applications increases since the early nineties. This trend is not only ongoing, it is further pushed by developments in the area of software stacks like the latest Bluetooth Low Energy Stack. It is also pushed by new chip-designs and powerful and highly integrated electronic hardware. The acceptance of wireless technologies as a possible solution for industrial applications, has overcome the entry barrier [1]. The first step to see wireless as standard for many industrial applications is almost accomplished. Nevertheless there is nearly none acceptance of wireless technology for Safety applications. One highly challenging and demanding requirement is still unsolved: The aspect safety and robustness. Those topics have been addressed in many cases but always in a similar manner. WirelessHART as an example addresses this topic with redundant so called multiple propagation paths and frequency hopping to handle with interferences and loss of network participants. So far the pure peer to peer link is rarely investigated and there are less safety solutions available. One product called LoRa™ can be seen as one possible solution to address this lack of safety within wireless links. This paper focuses on the safety performance evaluation of a modem-chip-design. The use of diverse and redundant wireless technologies like LoRa can lead to an increase acceptance of wireless in safety applications. Many measurements in real industrial application have been carried out to be able to benchmark the new chip in terms of the safety aspects. The content of this research results can help to raise the level of confidence in wireless. In this paper, the term “safety” is used for data transmission reliability.
Radio frequency identification (RFID) antennas are popular for high frequency (HF) RFID, energy transfer and near field communication (NFC) applications. Particularly for wireless measurement systems the RFID/NFC technology is a good option to implement a wireless communication interface. In this context, the design of corresponding reader and transmitter antennas plays a major role for achieving suitable transmission quality. This work proves the feasibility of the rapid prototyping of a RFID/NFC antenna, which is used for the wireless communication and energy harvesting at the required frequency of 13.56 MHz. A novel and low-cost direct ink writing (DIW) technology utilizing highly viscous silver nanoparticle ink is used for this process. This paper describes the development and analysis of low-cost printed flexible RFID/NFC antennas on cost-effective substrates for a microelectronic vital parameter measurement system. Furthermore, we compare the measured technical parameters with existing copper-based counterparts on a FR4 substrate.
The following paper presents the results of a feasibility study about Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) based wireless sensors. The development of industrial wireless sensors leads to important demands for the wireless technologies like a low energy consumption and a resource saving simple protocol stack. Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) is a rather new wireless standard which will completely fulfill these fundamental requirements. A self-designed BLE sensor system has been used to explore the common applicability of BLE for wireless sensor systems. The evaluation results of various analyses with the BLE sensor system are now presented in this paper.
In this paper an RFID/NFC (ISO 15693 standard) based inductively powered passive SoC (system on chip) for biomedical applications is presented. A brief overview of the system design, layout techniques and verification method is dis-cussed here. The SoC includes an integrated 32 bit microcontroller, sensor interface circuit, analog to digital converter, integrated RAM, ROM and some other peripherals required for the complete passive operation. The entire chip is realized in CMOS 0.18 μm technology with a chip area of 1.52mm x 3.24 mm.
Smart Home-/Smart-Building-Anwendungen sind ein stetig wachsender Markt. Smart Gardening ist ein Beispiel dafür, Nutzern mehr Komfort und eine bessere Lebensqualität zu Hause oder in Bürogebäuden zu ermöglichen. Im Rahmen dieses Beitrags wird die Entwicklung eines Indoor-Smart-Gardening-Systems mit dem Fokus auf energieautarkes Arbeiten vorgestellt. Herzstück des Systems ist ein 3D-gedruckter Blumentopf für einzelne Pflanzen mit integrierter Elektronik zum Monitoring der wichtigsten Pflanzenparameter und einem integrierten Wasserreservoir mit Tauchpumpe für das automatisierte Bewässern der Pflanze. Energy Harvesting per Solarzellen ermöglicht ein energieautarkes Arbeiten des Blumentopfes. Eine selbstentwickelte Low-Power-Funkschnittstelle im Blumentopf und ein externes Gateway ermöglichen die drahtlose Vernetzung mehrerer Pflanzen. Das Gateway dient zur Auswertung der Pflanzenparameter, der Ansteuerung der im Netzwerk vorhandenen Blumentöpfe und als Benutzerinterface.
Smart Home or Smart Building applications are a growing market. An increasing challenge is to design energy efficient Smart Home applications to achieve sustainable and green homes. Using the example of the development of an Indoor Smart Gardening system with wireless monitoring and automated watering this paper is discussing in particular the design issue of energy autonomous working sensors and actuators for home automation. Most important part of the presented Smart Gardening system is a 3D printed smart flower pot for single plants. The smart flower pot has integrated a water reservoir for automated plant irrigation and an electronic for monitoring important plant parameters and the water level of the water reservoir. Energy harvesting with solar cells enables energy autonomous working of the flower pot. A low-power wireless interface also integrated in the flowerpot and an external gateway based on a Raspberry Pi 3 enables wireless networking of multiple of those flower pots. The gateway is used for evaluating the plant parameters and as a user interface. Particularly the architecture of the energy autonomous wireless flower pot will be considered, because fully energy autonomous sensors and actuators for home automation could not be implemented without special concepts for the energy supply and the overall electronic.
This paper presents a practice and science orientated education approach for freshman students of interdisciplinary bachelor engineering degree programs. This approach is meant to enhance the motivation and success of freshman students during their whole study. The education approach is called Fit4PracSis (Fit for Practice and Sciences) It was started to develop, set up and establish an education approach, which is building a relationship to students' future profession and to scientific working during the introductory study phase. The freshman students will be trained early in important skills, which are necessary for achieving the final degree successfully and handling of future business and research activities.
Elektronische Türschilder zur Darstellung von Informationen sind insbesondere in öffentlichen Gebäuden zwischenzeitlich weit verbreitet. Die Varianz dieser elektronischen Türschilder reicht vom Tablet-basierten Türschild bis hin zum PC-basierten Türschild mit externem Bildschirm. Zumeist werden die Systeme mit 230 V betrieben. Bei einer großen Summe von Türschildern in öffentlichen Gebäuden kann dies zu einem signifikanten Umsatz an Energie führen. Im Rahmen dieses Papers wird die Entwicklung eines energieautarken arbeiten Türschildes vorgestellt, bei dem ein E-Paper-Display zum Einsatz kommt. Das Türschild lässt sich per Smartphone-App und NFC-Schnittstelle konfigurieren. Es wird insbesondere auf das Low-Power-Hardware-Design der Elektronik und energetische Aspekte eingegangen.
Mit zunehmend komplexer werdenden Schaltungen wachsen auch die Anforderungen an die Entwicklung einer entsprechenden Leiterplatte. Mit der BOARD-Station von MENTOR-Graphics können professionelle Leiterplatten entwickelt werden.
Im Rahmen dreier Entwicklungsprojekte an der Fachhochschule Offenburg wurden mehrere aufwendige Layoutentwürfe mit der BOARD-Station in verschiedenen Diplomarbeiten durchgeführt. Im Folgenden wird über die dabei gewonnenen Erfahrungen berichtet.
This paper presents the competence-, business- and research-orientated education approach Fit4PracSis (= Fit for Practice and Sciences). Fit4PracSis is designed for freshman students in interdisciplinary engineering degree programs. It is an education concept, which is establishing a relationship to the future profession and scientific work during the introductory study phase. The freshman students will be early trained in important skills, which are necessary for the successful achievement of the final degree and the future business and research activities.