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The goal of this thesis is to thoroughly investigate the concepts of stand-alone and decarbonization of optical fiber networks. Because of their dependability, fast speed, and capacity, optical fiber networks are vital inmodern telecommunications. Their considerable energy consumption and carbon emissions, on the other hand, constitute a danger to global sustainability objectives and must be addressed.
The first section of the thesis presents a summary of the current state of optical fiber networks, their
components, and the energy consumption connected with them. This part also goes over the difficulties of lowering energy usage and carbon emissions while preserving network performance and dependability.
The second section of the thesis focuses on the stand-alone idea, which entails powering the optical fiber network with renewable energy sources and energy-efficient technology. This section investigates and explores the possibilities of renewable energy sources like solar and wind power to power the network. It also investigates energy-efficient technologies like virtualization and cloud computing, as well as their potential to minimize network energy usage.
The third section of the thesis focuses on the notion of decarbonization, which entails lowering carbon emissions linked with the optical fiber network. This section looks at various carbon-reduction measures, such as employing low-carbon energy sources and improving energy efficiency. It also covers the relevance of carbon offsets and the difficulties associated with adopting decarbonization measures in the context of optical fiber networks.
The fourth section of the thesis compares the ideas of stand-alone and decarbonization. It investigates the advantages and disadvantages of each strategy, as well as their potential to minimize energy consumption and carbon emissions in optical fiber networks. It also explores the difficulties in applying these notions as well as potential hurdles to their wider adoption.
Finally, the need of addressing the energy consumption and carbon emissions connected with optical fiber networks is emphasized in this thesis.
It outlines important obstacles and potential impediments to adopting these initiatives and gives insights into potential ways for decreasing them.
It also makes suggestions for further study in this area.
Active participation of industrial enterprises in electricity markets - a generic modeling approach
(2021)
Industrial enterprises represent a significant portion of electricity consumers with the potential of providing demand-side energy flexibility from their production processes and on-site energy assets. Methods are needed for the active and profitable participation of such enterprises in the electricity markets especially with variable prices, where the energy flexibility available in their manufacturing, utility and energy systems can be assessed and quantified. This paper presents a generic model library equipped with optimal control for energy flexibility purposes. The components in the model library represent the different technical units of an industrial enterprise on material, media, and energy flow levels with their process constraints. The paper also presents a case study simulation of a steel-powder manufacturing plant using the model library. Its energy flexibility was assessed when the plant procured its electrical energy at fixed and variable electricity prices. In the simulated case study, flexibility use at dynamic prices resulted in a 6% cost reduction compared to a fixed-price scenario, with battery storage and the manufacturing system making the largest contributions to flexibility.