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We present a video-densitometric quantification method for the pain killer known as diclofenac and ibuprofen. These non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were separated on cyanopropyl bonded plates using CH2Cl2, methanol, cyclohexane (95+5+40, v/v) as mobile phase. The quantification is based on a bio-effective-linked analysis using vibrio fischeri bacteria. Within 10 minutes a CCD-camera registers the white light of the light-emitting bacteria. Diclofenac and ibuprofen effectively suppress the bacterial light emission which can be used for quantification within a linear range of 10 to 2000 ng. The detection limit for ibuprofen is 20 ng and the limit of quantification 26 ng per zone. Measurements were carried out using a 16-bit ST-1603ME CCD camera with 1.56 megapixels [from Santa Barbara Instrument Group, Inc., Santa Barbara, USA]. The range of linearity covers more than two magnitudes because the extended Kubelka-Munk expression is used for data transformation [1]. The separation method is inexpensive, fast and reliable. Ibuprofen is named after its chemical description: iso-butyl-propanoic phenolic acid. Both pain killers are world-widein use and both substances are stable in aqueous solution. Both substances are mainly excreted in the urine.
Diffusion plays a decisive role in brain function. In treating brain disorders, where diffusion is often compromised, understanding the transport of molecules can be essential to effective drug delivery. It became apparent that the classical laws of diffusion, cast in the framework of porous media theory, can deliver an accurate quantitative description of the way that molecules are transported through the brain tissue.
In contrast to a conventional fuel cell the electrons in a microbial fuel cell (MFC) originate from the metabolic conversion of organic substrates by special bacteria instead of using molecular hydrogen. Recent research in our group has shown that the maximum electrical power density in a MFC correlates with the biomass concentration in batch MFC experiments. In continuous MFC systems additionally the dilution rate D could have an effect on the specific power density. Therefore two steady state conditions are adjusted and the resulting specific power densities, and the biomass and substrate concentrations were measured. These results were implemented in a mathematical description of the continuous MFC-process and the visualization of the model is presented.