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The authors claim that location information of stationary ICT components can never be unclassified. They describe how swarm-mapping crowd sourcing is used by Apple and Google to worldwide harvest geo-location information on wireless access points and mobile telecommunication systems' base stations to build up gigantic databases with very exclusive access rights. After having highlighted the known technical facts, in the speculative part of this article, the authors argue how this may impact cyber deterrence strategies of states and alliances understanding the cyberspace as another domain of geostrategic relevance. The states and alliances spectrum of activities due to the potential existence of such databases may range from geopolitical negotiations by institutions understanding international affairs as their core business, mitigation approaches at a technical level, over means of cyber deterrence-by-retaliation.
This paper describes the Sweaty II humanoid adult size robot trying to qualify for the RoboCup 2018 adult size humanoid competition. Sweaty came 2nd in RoboCup 2017 adult size league. The main characteristics of Sweaty are described in the Team Description Paper 2017. The improvements that have been made or are planned to be implemented for RoboCup 2018 are described in this paper.
Covert- and side-channels as well as techniques to establish them in cloud computing are in focus of research for quite some time. However, not many concrete mitigation methods have been developed and even less have been adapted and concretely implemented by cloud providers. Thus, we recently conceptually proposed C 3 -Sched a CPU scheduling based approach to mitigate L2 cache covert-channels. Instead of flushing the cache on every context switch, we schedule trusted virtual machines to create noise which prevents potential covert-channels. Additionally, our approach aims on preserving performance by utilizing existing instead of artificial workload while reducing covert-channel related cache flushes to cases where not enough noise has been achieved. In this work we evaluate cache covert-channel mitigation and performance impact of our integration of C 3 -Sched in the XEN credit scheduler. Moreover, we compare it to naive solutions and more competitive approaches.
In a Semi-autonomic cloud auditing architecture we weaved in privacy enhancing mechanisms [15] by applying the public key version of the Somewhat homomorphic encryption (SHE) scheme from [4]. It turns out that the performance of the SHE can be significantly improved by carefully deriving relevant crypto parameters from the concrete cloud auditing use cases for which the scheme serves as a privacy enhancing approach. We provide a generic algorithm for finding good SHE parameters with respect to a given use case scenario by analyzing and taking into consideration security, correctness and performance of the scheme. Also, to show the relevance of our proposed algorithms we apply it to two predominant cloud auditing use cases.
Quantification of astaxanthin in salmons by chemiluminescence and absorption after TLC separation
(2018)
Astaxanthin is a keto-carotenoid, belongs to the chemical class of terpenes and is a yellow lipid soluble compound. The compound is present in marine animals like salmons and crustacean. Its colour is due to conjugated double bonds and these double bonds are responsible for its antioxidant effect. Its antioxidant activity is ten times stronger than other carotenoids and nearly 500 fold stronger than vitamin-E. We present a new thin layer chromatography (TLC) method to measure astaxanthin on TLC-plates (Merck, 1.05554) in the visible absorption range as well as by using chemiluminescence. For separation a solvent mixture of cyclohexane and acetone (10 + 2.4, v/v) was used. The RF-value of astaxanthin is 0.14.The limit of detection in vis-absorption is 64 ng / band and the limit of quantification is 92 ng/band. In chemiluminescence the values are 90 ng / band and 115 ng/band. The method offers two independently working measurement modes on a single plate which increase the accuracy of the quantification.
In the 19th century Alexander von Humboldt explored the nature and was conceived a new vision of nature that still influences the way we understand the new world. Humboldt believed in the importance of accurate measurements and precise description of observations. His vision of nature included not only facts but also emotions.
Nowadays smart solutions will be developed by using computer technology, which will influence our relationship to nature, our handling of the complexity and diversity of nature itself and the technological influences on the society. Could we avoid a new form of “Colonialism”, when a network of super computers will create a smarter world?
Die Einbindung von Mini- und Mikro-BHKW in ein virtuelles Kleinkraftwerk (VKK) bietet vielfältige wirtschaftliche, Smart-Grids- und Klimaschutzpotentiale zur Unterstützung der "Wärmewende". Eine Einbindung solcher Anlagen ist bisher jedoch mit zumeist hohen Kosten verbunden, weshalb i.d.R. nur Anlagen in höheren Leistungsklassen (> 500 kWel) umgesetzt werden. Im Rahmen des Projekts mikroVKK wurde deshalb das Ziel verfolgt zu demonstriert und nachzuweisen, dass auch BHKW-Anlagen unter 100 kWel in ein virtuelles Kleinkraftwerk (VKK) wirtschaftlich einzubinden sind.
GridSystronic Energy (GSE) hat hierfür ein spezielles VKK-System (gs.system) entwickelt, welches im Rahmen des Projekts unter realen Bedingungen erprobt, weiterentwickelt und möglichst zur Marktreife gebracht wurde. Durch die Konfiguration des Systems - d.h. einfache Steuerboxen (gs.box) werden als Gateway für die Kommunikation vor Ort zur Anlagen- und Zähleranbindung verbaut, wohingegen die Berechnungen, Simulationen und Optimierung der Steuersignale auf dem zentralen gs.server erfolgt - lässt sich eine kostengünstige und skalierbare Lösung darstellen.
Zusammen mit zehn Stadtwerken als Praxispartner wurden unterschiedliche BHKW- Standorte identifiziert und auf deren technische Eignung und die Umsetzbarkeit neuer Geschäftsmodelle auf Basis einer intelligenten Steuerung analysiert. Für ausgewählte Objekte, wie z.B. Schulen, Wärmenetze, Mehrfamiliengebäude, wurde durch GSE eine Anbindung der für die Regelung notwendigen Geräte und Zähler realisiert. Regelwerke, wie z.B. "Lastprofil folgen", als Basis für neue Geschäftsmodelle wurden mit den Praxispartnern abgestimmt und entwickelt. Anhand der Erkenntnisse zu den Effekten der intelligenten Steuerung (z.B. Nutzung von möglichen Flexibilitäten, Stabilität des Systems, Verschiebung der Betriebszeiten, Änderung der Lieferquoten etc.) wurden neue Geschäftsmodelle detailliert analysiert und mit den Praxispartnern prototypisch umgesetzt. Die Evaluation zu den Smart-Grids-Potenzialen (Flexibilität, netzdienliche Einspeisung etc.) sowie die Potenziale zur Unterstützung des Klimaschutzes (CO2-Minderung) erfolgte anhand von gemessenen und simulierten Werten.
Während der Projektlaufzeit konnte die technische Anbindbarkeit von BHKW-Anlagen mit einer elektrischen Leistung bis 100 kWel demonstriert werden. Die Vorarbeiten für die Erarbeitung einer standardisierten und kostengünstigen Anbindungslösung war jedoch sehr viel zeitintensiver als ursprünglich geplant, weshalb die Anlagen verspätet oder z.T. gar nicht angebunden werden konnten. Wegen der geringen Datenbasis konnten die grundsätzlichen wirtschaftlichen Potenziale einer VKK Steuerung deshalb nur auf theoretischer Basis nachgewiesen werden. Die Anbindungs- und Integrationskosten hängen stark von den örtlichen Gegebenheiten ab, weshalb es hierfür keine pauschale Aussage getroffen werden kann. Durch die gewonnenen Erfahrungen und Lernprozesse konnte jedoch im Laufe des Projektes bereits eine erhebliche Kostenreduktion erzielt werden. Auch bei Neuanlagen, bei denen die Anbindung bereits vorab eingeplant werden kann, können die Kosten der Anbindung stark reduziert werden. Die Smart-Grid-Potenziale und die Klimaschutzpotenziale eines VKK-Einsatzes wurden von der Hochschule Offenburg ebenfalls auf einer theoretischen Basis ermittelt. In einem nächsten Schritt wäre es deshalb notwendig zu analysieren, ob sich die ermittelten Effekte auch unter realen Bedingungen einstellen.
The growing demand for active medical implantable devices requires data and or power links between the implant and the outside world. Every implant has to be encapsulated from the body by a specific housing and one of the most common materials used is titanium or titanium alloy. Titanium thas the necessary properties in terms of mechanical and chemical stability and biocompatibility. However, its electrical conductivity presents a challenge for the electromagnetic transmission of data and power. The proposed paper presents a fast and practical method to determine the necessary transmission parameters for titanium encapsulated implants. Therefore, the basic transformer-transmission-model is used with measured or calculated key values for the inductances. Those are then expanded with correction factors to determine the behavior with the encapsulation. The correction factors are extracted from finite element method simulations. These also enable the analysis of the magnetic field distribution inside of the housing. The simulated transmission properties are very close to the measured values. Additionally, based on lumped elements and magnetic field distribution, the influential parameters are discussed in the paper. The parameter discussion describes how to enhance the transmitted power, data-rate or distance, or to reduce the size of the necessary coils. Finally, an example application demonstrates the usage of the methods.