Refine
Year of publication
- 2020 (229) (remove)
Document Type
- Conference Proceeding (70)
- Article (unreviewed) (36)
- Article (reviewed) (32)
- Part of a Book (27)
- Contribution to a Periodical (12)
- Other (11)
- Patent (11)
- Book (10)
- Letter to Editor (7)
- Report (7)
- Doctoral Thesis (3)
- Working Paper (2)
- Moving Images (1)
Conference Type
- Konferenzartikel (64)
- Konferenz-Poster (2)
- Konferenzband (2)
- Konferenz-Abstract (1)
- Sonstiges (1)
Language
- English (121)
- German (106)
- Other language (2)
Has Fulltext
- no (229) (remove)
Is part of the Bibliography
- yes (229)
Keywords
- Assistive Technology (8)
- Deafblindness (5)
- Innovation (5)
- Projektmanagement (5)
- COVID-19 (4)
- Wearables (4)
- Bildungsmanagement (3)
- Haptics (3)
- Human Computer Interaction (3)
- Künstliche Intelligenz (3)
- Maschinelles Lernen (3)
- TRIZ methodology (3)
- Tactile (3)
- User Experience (3)
- Windenergie (3)
- Ablation (2)
- Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (2)
- Corona (2)
- Datenmanagement (2)
- Datenqualität (2)
- Datensicherung (2)
- Digitalisierung (2)
- Emotionsforschung (2)
- Export (2)
- Finance (2)
- Gamification (2)
- Götz von Berlichingen (2)
- Herzrhythmusmodell (2)
- Johann Sebastian Bach (2)
- Kundendaten (2)
- Marketing (2)
- Mimikanalyse (2)
- Navigation (2)
- Neurostimulation (2)
- Prothetik (2)
- Regelungstechnik (2)
- RoboCup (2)
- Röntgen (2)
- Smart Textiles (2)
- Trade (2)
- Zustandsraum (2)
- neuroprosthetics (2)
- 3D Strukturlichtscanner (1)
- 3D computer-aided design (1)
- 3D multi-material polymer printing (1)
- 3D-Druck (1)
- 3D-Modelling (1)
- AC machines (1)
- AR (1)
- AR glasses (1)
- Abbildungsqualität (1)
- Abguss der Hand (1)
- Additive Manufacturing (1)
- Amplitude and Phase Errors (1)
- Antenna measurements (1)
- Antennas (1)
- Artificial intelligence (1)
- Astronomical events (1)
- Automatisierungstechnik (1)
- Banana residues (1)
- Becquerel (1)
- Biogas Potential (1)
- Biomechanik (1)
- Biomimetics (1)
- Bloom filters (1)
- Business Analytics (1)
- CAD (1)
- Calibration (1)
- Cardiac modelling (1)
- Carpe diem (1)
- Climate (1)
- Cochlea-Implantate (1)
- Computersicherheit (1)
- Covid-19 (1)
- Cross-Channel-Dialogmarketing (1)
- Cross-industry innovation (1)
- Current Control (1)
- Daseinsvorosge (1)
- Data privacy (1)
- Datenbanksystem (1)
- Datenschutz (1)
- Deckungsbeitrag (1)
- Design (1)
- Digital Beamforming (1)
- Digitale Geschäftsmodelle (1)
- Digitale Transformation (1)
- Digitalisierung als Heilslehre (1)
- Disruption (1)
- Domenico Scarlatti (1)
- Durchlaufzeiten (1)
- EKG (1)
- Eco Sciences (1)
- Eco-innovation (1)
- Education in Optics and Photonics (1)
- Educations (1)
- Elektrische Energie (1)
- End-plate connection (1)
- Energy Harvesting (1)
- Engineering creativity (1)
- Entscheidung (1)
- Environment (1)
- Erneuerbare Energien (1)
- Eye Tracking (1)
- Fahrrad (1)
- Finanzierung (1)
- Finite-Elemente-Methode (1)
- Fotografie (1)
- Functional neuroimaging (1)
- Genossenschaften (1)
- Genossenschaftliche Prinzipien (1)
- Genossenschaftliche Ökosysteme (1)
- Genossenschaftsbanken (1)
- Genossenschaftsprinzipien (1)
- Geothermie (1)
- Halswirbelsäule (1)
- Handynacken (1)
- Hardware Security (1)
- Heart Rhythm Simulation (1)
- Heart rhythm simulation (1)
- His-Bundle Pacing (1)
- His-bundle pacing (1)
- Hochrhein Seminar (1)
- Human Computrer Interaction (1)
- Hörgeräte (1)
- Ideation efficiency (1)
- Ideation performance function (1)
- Impairments (1)
- Industrie 4.0 (1)
- Infrastruktur (1)
- Innovation Hub (1)
- Innovationsökosysteme (1)
- Insurance (1)
- Internet of Things (1)
- Inventive principles (1)
- Iron Hand (1)
- Kamera-Tracking (1)
- Klimawandel und Anpassung (1)
- Kriminologie (1)
- Kundenintegration (1)
- Leadership (1)
- Leonardo da Vinci (1)
- Live Broadcasting (1)
- Living Labs (1)
- Long Term Evolution (1)
- Ludwig van Beethoven (1)
- Machine Learning (1)
- Magnetic resonance (1)
- Methoden und Kompetenzen (1)
- Microcontroller (1)
- Mobiles Endgerät (1)
- Mona Lisa (1)
- Monte-Carlo Simulation (1)
- Multi-Material 3D-Printing (1)
- Mumie (1)
- Musik (1)
- Netzwerke (1)
- Neurodivergent (1)
- Nicolo Paganini (1)
- Normung (1)
- Organic electronics (1)
- Organisationstheorie (1)
- Otto Lilienthal (1)
- PV Applications (1)
- Parameter Estimation (1)
- Persönlicher und unternehmerischer Erfolg (1)
- Physically Unclonable Function (1)
- Physiological Pacing (1)
- Physiological cardiac pacing (1)
- Pierre-Marie-Bamberger syndrome (1)
- Praxisbeispiel (1)
- Predictive Models (1)
- Printed Electronics (1)
- Processing (1)
- Product Design (1)
- Produkteigenschaft (1)
- Produktpalette (1)
- Radiofrequency identification (1)
- Resistance (1)
- Risikomanagement (1)
- Schulkommunikation (1)
- Schulmarketing (1)
- Scientific Reports (1)
- Simulation (1)
- Skelett (1)
- Smart PV (1)
- Smartphone (1)
- Social Interaction (1)
- Social Media (1)
- Stadt- und Raumplanung (1)
- Standardisierung (1)
- Steuerbarkeit (1)
- Steuerung (1)
- Stimmanalyse (1)
- Substrates (1)
- Sustanaible Innovations (1)
- Systematic innovation (1)
- TMKB-Modell (1)
- Textile (1)
- Theology (1)
- Thermal separation (1)
- Touch (1)
- Transdisziplinäre Reallabore (1)
- Umweltbeobachtung (1)
- Umweltschutz (1)
- Vesuvius eruption (1)
- Visual Impairments (1)
- Vorhofflimmern (1)
- Voxel (1)
- Voxelization (1)
- Werkzeugmaschine (1)
- Wilhelm His Sr. (1)
- agent (1)
- anthropology (1)
- approximate histograms (1)
- art (1)
- augmented reality (1)
- augmented reality glasses (1)
- autopsy report (1)
- bionics (1)
- bloom filters (1)
- brain vitrification (1)
- cellular radio (1)
- computer network management (1)
- copper oxide (1)
- data malleability (1)
- data processing (1)
- deglobalization (1)
- design methods (1)
- diode modeling (1)
- drumstick fingers (1)
- eco-innovation (1)
- education and research (1)
- genetic algorithms (1)
- hand prostheses (1)
- hand prosthesis (1)
- hand prosthetic (1)
- history-inspired (1)
- homomorphic encryption (1)
- humanoid robot walking (1)
- indium oxide (1)
- learning scenario (1)
- machine learning (1)
- machine-to-machine communication (1)
- media (1)
- medical history (1)
- nickel oxide (1)
- oil painting (1)
- optics and photonics (1)
- oxide electronics (1)
- peer to peer network (1)
- pn-diode (1)
- printed electronics (1)
- process engineering (1)
- proof-of-concept study (1)
- prostheses (1)
- prosthesis (1)
- prosthetics (1)
- quality function deployment (QFD) (1)
- radio networks (1)
- replica (1)
- research-oriented education (1)
- sensor node (1)
- telecommunication equipment testing (1)
- time series data (1)
- visual control (1)
- watch glass nails (1)
- wide area networks (1)
- wireless sensor network (1)
- z-Transformation (1)
- zeitdiskrete Regelverfahren (1)
- Ökosysteme (1)
- Ösophaguskatheter (1)
Institute
- Fakultät Elektrotechnik, Medizintechnik und Informatik (EMI) (ab 04/2019) (87)
- Fakultät Medien und Informationswesen (M+I) (bis 21.04.2021) (65)
- Fakultät Wirtschaft (W) (56)
- Fakultät Maschinenbau und Verfahrenstechnik (M+V) (25)
- ivESK - Institut für verlässliche Embedded Systems und Kommunikationselektronik (15)
- ACI - Affective and Cognitive Institute (10)
- IMLA - Institute for Machine Learning and Analytics (10)
- INES - Institut für nachhaltige Energiesysteme (10)
- IfTI - Institute for Trade and Innovation (5)
- Fakultät Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik (E+I) (bis 03/2019) (2)
Open Access
- Closed Access (135)
- Open Access (70)
- Bronze (6)
- Closed (1)
- Diamond (1)
Um medizinische Behandlungsverfahren in der Praxis besser verstehen und anwenden zu können, gewinnt die Visualisierung der Prozesse an immer größerer Bedeutung. Durch Anwendung der Computer-Simulationssoftware CST können elektromagnetische und thermische Simulationen zur Analyse verschiedener Herzrhythmusstörungen durchgeführt werden. Eine weitere Form der Visualisierung erfolgt durch haptische, dreidimensionale Druckmodelle. Diese Modelle können mit einem generativen Herstellungsverfahren, wie z. B. einem 3D-Drucker, in kürzester Zeit hergestellt werden.
Printed electronics (PE) is a fast-growing field with promising applications in wearables, smart sensors, and smart cards, since it provides mechanical flexibility, and low-cost, on-demand, and customizable fabrication. To secure the operation of these applications, true random number generators (TRNGs) are required to generate unpredictable bits for cryptographic functions and padding. However, since the additive fabrication process of the PE circuits results in high intrinsic variations due to the random dispersion of the printed inks on the substrate, constructing a printed TRNG is challenging. In this article, we exploit the additive customizable fabrication feature of inkjet printing to design a TRNG based on electrolyte-gated field-effect transistors (EGFETs). We also propose a printed resistor tuning flow for the TRNG circuit to mitigate the overall process variation of the TRNG so that the generated bits are mostly based on the random noise in the circuit, providing a true random behavior. The simulation results show that the overall process variation of the TRNGs is mitigated by 110 times, and the generated bitstream of the tuned TRNGs passes the National Institute of Standards and Technology - Statistical Test Suite. For the proof of concept, the proposed TRNG circuit was fabricated and tuned. The characterization results of the tuned TRNGs prove that the TRNGs generate random bitstreams at the supply voltage of down to 0.5 V. Hence, the proposed TRNG design is suitable to secure low-power applications in this domain.
A Gamified and Adaptive Learning System for Neurodivergent Workers in Electronic Assembling Tasks
(2020)
Learning and work-oriented assistive systems are often designed to fit the workflow of neurotypical workers. Neurodivergent workers and individuals with learning disabilities often present cognitive and sensorimotor characteristics that are better accommodated with personalized learning and working processes. Therefore, we designed an adaptive learning system that combines an augmented interaction space with user-sensitive virtual assistance to support step-by-step guidance for neurodivergent workers in electronic assembling tasks. Gamified learning elements were also included in the interface to provide self-motivation and praise whenever users progress in their learning and work achievements.
In this work a method for the estimation of current slopes induced by inverters operating interior permanent magnet synchronous machines is presented. After the derivation of the estimation algorithm, the requirements for a suitable sensor setup in terms of accuracy, dynamic and electromagnetic interference are discussed. The boundary conditions for the estimation algorithm are presented with respect to application within high power traction systems. The estimation algorithm is implemented on a field programmable gateway array. This moving least-square algorithm offers the advantage that it is not dependent on vectors and therefore not every measured value has to be stored. The summation of all measured values leads to a significant reduction of the required storage units and thus decreases the hardware requirements. The algorithm is designed to be calculated within the dead time of the inverter. Appropriate countermeasures for disturbances and hardware restrictions are implemented. The results are discussed afterwards.
This paper presents a novel low-jitter interface between a low-cost integrated IEEE802.11 chip and a FPGA. It is designed to be part of system hardware for ultra-precise synchronization between wireless stations. On physical level, it uses Wi-Fi chip coexistence signal lines and UART frame encoding. On its basis, we propose an efficient communication protocol providing precise timestamping of incoming frames and internal diagnostic mechanisms for detecting communication faults. Meanwhile it is simple enough to be implemented both in low-cost FPGA and commodity IEEE802.11 chip firmware. The results of computer simulation shows that developed FPGA implementation of the proposed protocol can precisely timestamp incoming frames as well as detect most of communication errors even in conditions of high interference. The probability of undetected errors was investigated. The results of this analysis are significant for the development of novel wireless synchronization hardware.
Advances in printed electronics (PE) enables new applications, particularly in ultra-low-cost domains. However, achieving high-throughput printing processes and manufacturing yield is one of the major challenges in the large-scale integration of PE technology. In this article, we present a programmable printed circuit based on an efficient printed lookup table (pLUT) to address these challenges by combining the advantages of the high-throughput advanced printing and maskless point-of-use final configuration printing. We propose a novel pLUT design which is more efficient in PE realization compared to existing LUT designs. The proposed pLUT design is simulated, fabricated, and programmed as different logic functions with inkjet printed conductive ink to prove that it can realize digital circuit functionality with the use of programmability features. The measurements show that the fabricated LUT design is operable at 1 V.
Printed electronics (PE) enables disruptive applications in wearables, smart sensors, and healthcare since it provides mechanical flexibility, low cost, and on-demand fabrication. The progress in PE raises trust issues in the supply chain and vulnerability to reverse engineering (RE) attacks. Recently, RE attacks on PE circuits have been successfully performed, pointing out the need for countermeasures against RE, such as camouflaging. In this article, we propose a printed camouflaged logic cell that can be inserted into PE circuits to thwart RE. The proposed cell is based on three components achieved by changing the fabrication process that exploits the additive manufacturing feature of PE. These components are optically look-alike, while their electrical behaviors are different, functioning as a transistor, short, and open. The properties of the proposed cell and standard PE cells are compared in terms of voltage swing, delay, power consumption, and area. Moreover, the proposed camouflaged cell is fabricated and characterized to prove its functionality. Furthermore, numerous camouflaged components are fabricated, and their (in)distinguishability is assessed to validate their optical similarities based on the recent RE attacks on PE. The results show that the proposed cell is a promising candidate to be utilized in camouflaging PE circuits with negligible overhead.
… nicht nur in der Energiewirtschaft, sondern auch im positiven und wahrsten Sinne des Wortes in der Fachgruppe PM Windenergie. In über 40 Jahren GPM wurde immer wieder deutlich, dass Projekte und Programme in Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft nicht nur begleitet, sondern auch aus der GPM heraus mitgestaltet werden. Die Entwicklung und die Ergebnisse der Fachgruppe Windenergie machen dies besonders deutlich.
The authentication method of electronic devices, based on individual forms of correlograms of their internal electric noises, is well-known. Specific physical differences in the components – for example, caused by variations in production quality – cause specific electrical signals, i.e. electric noise, in the electronic device. It is possible to obtain this information and to identify the specific differences of the individual devices using an embedded analog-to-digital converter (ADC). These investigations confirm the possibility to identify and authenticate electronic devices using bit templates, calculated from the sequence of values of the normalized autocorrelation function of noise. Experiments have been performed using personal computers. The probability of correct identification and authentication increases with increasing noise recording duration. As a result of these experiments, an accuracy of 98.1% was achieved for a 1 second-long registration of EM for a set of investigated computers.
In this study, a facile method to fabricate a cohesive ion‐gel based gate insulator for electrolyte‐gated transistors is introduced. The adhesive and flexible ion‐gel can be laminated easily on the semiconducting channel and electrode manually by hand. The ion‐gel is synthesized by a straightforward technique without complex procedures and shows a remarkable ionic conductivity of 4.8 mS cm−1 at room temperature. When used as a gate insulator in electrolyte‐gated transistors (EGTs), an on/off current ratio of 2.24×104 and a subthreshold swing of 117 mV dec−1 can be achieved. This performance is roughly equivalent to that of ink drop‐casted ion‐gels in electrolyte‐gated transistors, indicating that the film‐attachment method might represent a valuable alternative to ink drop‐casting for the fabrication of gate insulators.
Wireless communication technologies play a major role to enable megatrends like Internet of Things (IoT) and Industry 4.0. The Narrowband Wireless WAN (NBWWAN) introduced to meet the long range and low power requirements of spatially distributed wireless communication use cases. These networks introduce additional challenges in testing because the network topology and RF characteristics become particularly complex and thus a multitude of different scenarios must be tested. This paper describes the infrastructure for automated testing of radio communication and for systematic measurements of the network performance of NBWWAN.
Financing trade and development sustainably will be crucial for Africa. Enhanced collaboration between multilateral development banks, development finance institutions and ECAs could greatly enhance intra-regional trade. Furthermore, setting up a ‘level playing field’ on the continent will allow governments to make strategic interventions for successful export credits and trade finance solutions, fostering growth through trade. African trade is already showing signs of rebounding from the coronavirus- induced recession. Through concerted, co-operative and continent-wide efforts, drawing on the knowledge and resources of all types of institutions and policy experts, Africa will continue to grow confidently and quickly into its increasingly important role as an engine of economic growth and global trade.
In this report, we have studied field-effect transistors (FETs) using low-density alumina for electrolytic gating. Device layers have been prepared starting from the structured ITO glasses by printing the In 2 O 3 channels, low-temperature atomic layer deposition (ALD) of alumina (Al 2 O 3 ), and printing graphene top gates. The transistor performance could be deliberately changed by alternating the ambient humidity; furthermore, ID,ON/ID,OFF-ratios of up to seven orders of magnitude and threshold voltages between 0.66 and 0.43 V, decreasing with an increasing relative humidity between 40% and 90%, could be achieved. In contrast to the common usage of Al 2 O 3 as the dielectric in the FETs, our devices show electrolyte-typegating behavior. This is a result from the formation of protons on the Al 2 O 3 surfaces at higher humidities. Due to the very high local capacitances of the Helmholtz double layers at the channel surfaces, the operation voltage can be as low as 1 V. At low humidities (≤30%), the solid electrolyte dries out and the performance breaks down; however, it can fully reversibly be regained upon a humidity increase. Using ALD-derived alumina as solid electrolyte gating material, thus, allows low-voltage operation and provides a chemically stable gating material while maintaining low process temperatures. However, it has proven to be highly humidity-dependent in its performance.
Die entscheidende Frage bei der Konzeption einer möglichen technischen Infrastruktur für Schulen ist keine technische, sondern eine pädagogische: Was soll denn genau gelernt werden, über Rechner und Netzwerke, am Rechner oder mit dem Rechner? Ist diese Frage geklärt, kann man Hard- und Software dafür zusammenstellen.
Rectifiersare vital electronic circuits for signal and power conversion in various smart sensor applications. The ability to process low input voltage levels, for example, from vibrational energy harvesters is a major challenge with existing passive rectifiers in printed electronics, stemming mainly from the built-in potential of the diode's p-njunction. To address this problem, in this work, we design, fabricate, and characterize an inkjet-printed full-wave rectifier using diode-connected electrolyte-gated thin-film transistors (EGTs). Using both experimental and simulation approaches, we investigate how the rectifier can benefit from the near-zero threshold voltage of transistors, which can be enabled by proper channel geometry setting in EGT technology. The presented circuit can be operated at 1-V input voltage, featuring a remarkably small voltage loss of 140 mV and a cutoff frequency of ~300 Hz. Below the cutoff frequency, more than 2.6-μW dc power is obtained over the load resistances ranging from 5 to 20 kQ. Furthermore, experiments show that the circuit can work with an input amplitude down to 500 mV. This feature makes the presented design highly suitable for a variety of energy-harvesting applications.
Analysis of Amplitude and Phase Errors in Digital-Beamforming Radars for Automotive Applications
(2020)
Fundamentally, automotive radar sensors with Digital-Beamforming (DBF) use several transmitter and receiver antennas to measure the direction of the target. However, hardware imperfections, tolerances in the feeding lines of the antennas, coupling effects as well as temperature changes and ageing will cause amplitude and phase errors. These errors can lead to misinterpretation of the data and result in hazardous actions of the autonomous system. First, the impact of amplitude and phase errors on angular estimation is discussed and analyzed by simulations. The results are compared with the measured errors of a real radar sensor. Further, a calibration method is implemented and evaluated by measurements.
Analysis of Miniaturized Printed Flexible RFID/NFC Antennas Using Different Carrier Substrates
(2020)
Antennas for Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) provide benefits for high frequencies (HF) and wireless data transmission via Near Field Communication (NFC) and many other applications. In this case, various requirements for the design of the reader and transmitter antennas must be met in order to achieve a suitable transmission quality. In this work, a miniaturized cost-effective RFID/NFC antenna for a microelectronic measurement system is designed and printed on different flexible carrier substrates using a new and low-cost Direct Ink Writing (DIW) technology. Various practical aspects such as reflection and impedance magnitude as well as the behavior of the printed RFID/NFC antennas are analyzed and compared to an identical copper-based antenna of the same size. The results are presented in this paper. Furthermore, the problems during the printing process itself on the different substrates are evaluated. The effects of the characteristics on the antenna under kink-free bending tests are examined and subsequently long-term measurements are carried out.
Cooling towers or recoolers are one of the major consumers of electricity in a HVAC plant. The implementation and analysis of advanced control methods in a practical application and its comparison with conventional controllers is necessary to establish a framework for their feasibility especially in the field of decentralised energy systems. A standard industrial controller, a PID and a model based controller were developed and tested in an experimental set-up using market-ready components. The characteristics of these controllers such as settling time, control difference, and frequency of control actions are compared based on the monitoring data. Modern controllers demonstrated clear advantages in terms of energy savings and higher accuracy and a model based controller was easier to set-up than a PID.
While prospect of tracking mobile devices' users is widely discussed all over European countries to counteract COVID-19 propagation, we propose a Bloom filter based construction providing users' location privacy and preventing mass surveillance.
We apply a solution based on Bloom filters data structure that allows a third party, a government agency, to perform some privacy-preserving set relations on a mobile telco's access logfile.
By computing set relations, the government agency, given the knowledge of two identified persons, has an instrument that provides a (possible) infection chain from the initial to the final infected user no matter at which location on a worldwide scale they are.
The benefit of our approach is that intermediate possible infected users can be identified and subsequently contacted by the agency. With such approach, we state that solely identities of possible infected users will be revealed and location privacy of others will be preserved. To this extent, it meets General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)requirements in this area.
The TriRhenaTech alliance presents a collection of accepted papers of the cancelled tri-national 'Upper-Rhine Artificial Intelligence Symposium' planned for 13th May 2020 in Karlsruhe. The TriRhenaTech alliance is a network of universities in the Upper-Rhine Trinational Metropolitan Region comprising of the German universities of applied sciences in Furtwangen, Kaiserslautern, Karlsruhe, and Offenburg, the Baden-Wuerttemberg Cooperative State University Loerrach, the French university network Alsace Tech (comprised of 14 'grandes écoles' in the fields of engineering, architecture and management) and the University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland. The alliance's common goal is to reinforce the transfer of knowledge, research, and technology, as well as the cross-border mobility of students.
Astronomical phenomena fascinate people from the very beginning of mankind up to today. In this paper the authors will present their experience with photography of astronomical events. The main focus will be on aurora borealis, comet Neowise, total lunar eclipses and how mobile devices open up new possibilities to observe the green flash. Our efforts were motivated by the great impact and high number of viewers of these events. Visitors from over a hundred countries watched our live broadcasts.
Furthermore, we report on our experiences with the photography of optical phenomena such as polar lights Fig. 1, comet Neowise with a Delta Aquariids meteor Fig. 11, and lunar eclipses Fig. 12.
Innovation ist die Triebfeder wirtschaftlicher Entwicklung. Niemand hat das so früh erkannt und so klar formuliert wie Joseph Schumpeter: „Der fundamentale Antrieb, der die kapitalistische Maschine in Bewegung setzt und hält, kommt von den neuen Konsumgütern, den neuen Produktions- oder Transportmethoden, den neuen Märkten, den neuen Formen der industriellen Organisation, welche die kapitalistische Unternehmung schafft.“
Die Literatur hat in den letzten Jahren einen breiten Diskurs zur Digitalisierung im Rechnungswesen eröffnet. Während die erste Digitalisierungswelle noch grundlegende Digitalisierungsprozesse umfasste, betrifft die zweite Digitalisierungswelle das Unternehmen in seiner Gesamtheit und geht weit über eine digitale Datenverarbeitung hinaus. Digitalisierung reicht daher von der Anwendung grundlegender digitaler Technologien zur Unterstützung von Geschäftsprozessen über Automatisierung betrieblicher Prozesse bis hin zu einer umfassenden digitalen Transformation des gesamten Unternehmens.
Bei dem vorgestellten Ansatz soll der Auftreffpunkt des Pfeils durch die Kreuzkorrelation von Audio-Signalen bestimmt werden. Das Auftreffen des Pfeils erzeugt ein charakteristisches Geräusch, welches von mehreren Mikrofonen in bestimmter Anordnung um die Dartscheibe herum in elektrische Signale umgewandelt wird. Mithilfe der Schallgeschwindigkeit und den Zeitdifferenzen, welche die Schallwelle zu den einzelnen Mikrofonen benötigt soll dann der Auftreffpunkt berechnet werden.
Die Diskussionen über die Bedeutung und Folgen der Digitalisierung sind kaum noch überschaubar. Einig sind sich die meisten, dass Digitalisierung und die sogenannte „Künstliche Intelligenz“ (sKI) sowohl „alternativlos“ wie entscheidend für die Zukunft seien. Wer bei diesen Techniken nicht an der Spitze stünde, würde wirtschaftlich abgehängt und letztlich zum Verlierer. Die erste Frage ist aber: Wer steht denn an der Spitze und ist es erstrebenswert, sich dazu zu gesellen? Die zweite Frage ist, was sich konkret an technischen Systemen hinter Schlagworten wie Big Data, Künstlicher Intelligenz und autonomen Systemen verbirgt. Nicht zuletzt steht in Frage, welche Konsequenzen diese Systeme für den Einzelnen haben (können und/oder werden).
The interaction between agents in multiagent-based control systems requires peer to peer communication between agents avoiding central control. The sensor nodes represent agents and produce measurement data every time step. The nodes exchange time series data by using the peer to peer network in order to calculate an aggregation function for solving a problem cooperatively. We investigate the aggregation process of averaging data for time series data of nodes in a peer to peer network by using the grouping algorithm of Cichon et al. 2018. Nodes communicate whether data is new and map data values according to their sizes into a histogram. This map message consists of the subintervals and vectors for estimating the node joining and leaving the subinterval. At each time step, the nodes communicate with each other in synchronous rounds to exchange map messages until the network converges to a common map message. The node calculates the average value of time series data produced by all nodes in the network by using the histogram algorithm. The relative error for comparing the output of averaging time series data, and the ground truth of the average value in the network will decrease as the size of the network increases. We perform simulations which show that the approximate histograms method provides a reasonable approximation of time series data.
In the modern knowledge-based and digital economy, the value of knowledge is growing relative to other assets and new intellectual property is being created at an ever-increasing rate. Therefore, the ability to find non-trivial solutions, systematically generate new concepts, and create intellectual property rapidly become crucial to achieving competitive advantage and leveraging the intellectual potential of organizations.
Do you know that for each banana bunch the complete plant must be cut as well? Only in Brazil 440 million trees are planted annually. With an average weight of 30 kg per banana plant you can estimate about 13,5 million tons of banana residues per year. Although there exist some projects to use these residues for the production of valuable products (e.g fibers for textile and paper production) most of this organic waste material is unused and left for composting on the farmland.
The basic idea of this project is to evaluate this organic waste material for converting it to a renewable and CO2 neutral fuel. Therefore, the different parts of the banana plant (heart, leaves and pseudo stem) were analyzed regarding their biogas potential (specific biogas yield and biogas production kinetics). In further studies the effect of mechanical and enzymatic pretreatments of the different parts of the plants was investigated. This examination could then be the basis for an energetic usage of this organic residue.
The biogas batch experiments were performed according to the german guideline VDI 4630 in 2-L-Batch reactors at 37°C. As biogas substrates, the heart, the leaves and the pseudo stem of the banana plant residue with and without enzymatic/mechanical pretreatment were used.
The different parts of the banana plants result in a specific biogas production yield in the range of 260-470 norm liters per kg organic dry mass.
To determine the influence of the mechanical pretreatment (particle size 1-15 mm) on the biogas production kinetics, the kinetic constants were defined and calculated. The reduction of the particle size leads to an improved biogas production kinetics. Therefore experiments will demonstrate, if the results from the batch experiments can be converted in the continuous fed biogas reactor. The experiments of the enzymatic pretreatment are still under investigation.
Efficient collaborative robotic applications need a combination of speed and separation monitoring, and power and force limiting operations. While most collaborative robots have built-in sensors for power and force limiting operations, there are none with built-in sensor systems for speed and separation monitoring. This paper proposes a system for speed and separation monitoring directly from the gripper of the robot. It can monitor separation distances of up to three meters. We used single-pixel Time-of-Flight sensors to measure the separation distance between the gripper and the next obstacle perpendicular to it. This is the first system capable of measuring separation distances of up to three meters directly from the robot's gripper.
Well-designed and informative product presentations can support consumers in making purchase decisions. There are plenty of facts and details about a product of interest. However, also emotions are an important aspect for the purchase decision. The unique visualization opportunities of virtual reality (VR) can give users of VR applications the feeling of being there (telepresence). The applications can intensely engage them in a flow experience, comprising the four dimensions of enjoyment, curiosity, focused attention and control. In this work, we claim that VR product presentations can create subjective product experiences for consumers and motivate them to reuse this innovative type of product presentation in the future, by immersing them in a virtual world and causing them to interact with it. To verify the conceptual model a study was conducted with 551 participants who explored a VR hotel application. The results indicate that VR product presentations evoke positive emotions among consumers. The virtual experience made potential customers focus their attention on the virtual world and aroused their curiosity about getting more information about the product in an enjoyable way. In contrast to the theoretical assumption, control did not influence the users’ behavioral intentions to reuse VR product presentation. We conclude that VR product presentations create a feeling of telepresence, which leads to a flow experience that contributes to the behavioral intention of users to reuse VR product presentations in the future.
Co-Designing Assistive Tools to Support Social Interactions by Individuals Living with Deafblindness
(2020)
Deafblindness is a dual sensory impairment that affects many aspects of life, including mobility, access to information, communication, and social interactions. Furthermore, individuals living with deafblindness are under a high risk of social isolation. Therefore, we identified opportunities for applying assistive tools to support social interactions through co-ideation activities with members of the deafblind community. This work presents our co-design approach, lessons learned and directions for designing meaningful assistive tools for dual sensory loss.
Generative adversarial networks (GANs) provide state-of-the-art results in image generation. However, despite being so powerful, they still remain very challenging to train. This is in particular caused by their highly non-convex optimization space leading to a number of instabilities. Among them, mode collapse stands out as one of the most daunting ones. This undesirable event occurs when the model can only fit a few modes of the data distribution, while ignoring the majority of them. In this work, we combat mode collapse using second-order gradient information. To do so, we analyse the loss surface through its Hessian eigenvalues, and show that mode collapse is related to the convergence towards sharp minima. In particular, we observe how the eigenvalues of the G are directly correlated with the occurrence of mode collapse. Finally, motivated by these findings, we design a new optimization algorithm called nudged-Adam (NuGAN) that uses spectral information to overcome mode collapse, leading to empirically more stable convergence properties.
Time Sensitive Networking (TSN) provides mechanisms to enable deterministic and real-time networking in industrial networks. Configuration of these mechanisms is key to fully deploy and integrate TSN in the networks. The IEEE 802.1 Qcc standard has proposed different configuration models to implement a TSN configuration. Up until now, TSN and its configuration have been explored mostly for Ethernet-based industrial networks. However, they are still considered “work-in-progress” for wireless networks. This work focuses on the fully centralized model and describes a generic concept to enable the configuration of TSN mechanisms in wireless industrial networks. To this end, a configuration entity is implemented to conFigure the wireless end stations to satisfy their requirements. The proposed solution is then validated with the Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunication ultra-low energy (DECT ULE) wireless communication protocol.
Am 01.10.2019 beschäftigte sich der EuGH mit der Frage, wann und inwieweit das Setzen von Cookies ohne vorherige Einwilligung des Internet-Nutzers zulässig sein könnte. Das Ergebnis ist für die Werbeindustrie zwar eigentlich nicht überraschend, aber dennoch für diese höchst ärgerlich. Die praktischen Folgen hingegen sind bislang etwas irritierend, hat sich doch die Zahl von Pop-Up-Fenstern immens vervielfacht, was jedoch, wie hier gezeigt wird, zumeist entweder überflüssig oder aber nicht hinreichend ist.
Unter dem Deckmantel der Covid-19-Pandemie werden soziale Einrichtungen wie Bildungseinrichtungen oder das Gesundheitssystem systematisch auf Digitalisierung getrimmt. Schon Grundschulkinder werden an die Arbeit am Display gewöhnt und Schulen mit Geldern aus dem Digitalpakt Schule technisch aufgerüstet. Lernsoftware, Schulcloud und Learning Analytics erlauben die Verdatung von Schülerbiographien. Digitale Endgeräte als Leihgabe für Schülerinnen und Schüler bereiten den Fernunterricht für die Zeit nach der Pandemie vor. Auf der Strecke bleiben dabei möglicherweise nicht nur Grundrechte, Privatsphäre und letztlich die Autonomie des Menschen, sondern auch das notwendige Vertrauen in politische Entscheidungen, wenn etwa die Digitalisierung zunehmend aller Lebensbereiche gar nicht mehr hinterfragt wird. Dabei reichen bereits vier Forderungen zur IT-Entwicklung, um demokratisch legitimierte Alternativen von Softwarelösungen zu entwickeln, wie der Streit um die Corona-App gezeigt hat.
Printed Electronics technology is a key-enabler for smart sensors, soft robotics, and wearables. The inkjet printed electrolyte-gated field effect transistor (EGFET) technology is a promising candidate for such applications due to its low-power operation, high field-effect mobility, and on-demand fabrication. Unlike conventional silicon-based technologies, inkjet printed electronics technology is an additive manufacturing process where multiple layers are printed on top of each other to realize functional devices such as transistors and their interconnections. Due to the additive manufacturing process, the technology has limited routing layers. For routing of complex circuits, insulating crossovers are printed at the intersection of routing paths to isolate them. The crossover can alter the electrical properties of a circuit based on specific location on a routing path. In this work, we propose a crossover-aware placement and routing (COPnR) methodology for inkjet-printed circuits by integrating the crossover constraints in our design framework. Our proposed placement methodology is based on a state-of-the-art evolutionary algorithm while the routing optimization is done using a genetic algorithm. The proposed methodology is compared with the industrial standard placement and routing (PnR) tools. On average, the proposed methodology has 38% fewer crossovers and 94% fewer failing paths compared to the industrial PnR tools applied to printed circuit designs.
Emotionen sind Teil jedes menschlichen Wesens: Sie begleiten Konsumenten und Konsumentinnen durch alle Alltagssituationen – auch und insbesondere bei Kaufentscheidungen. Jedoch war es bisher nur bedingt möglich, diese Emotionen im Dialogmarketing genau zu erfassen und zu interpretieren. Die innovative Customer Experience Tracking Methode der Hochschule Offenburg ermöglicht eine verzerrungsreduzierte Messung und Auswertung von Kundenemotionen, die vor, während und nach der Benutzerinteraktion mit Dialogmarketingaktivitäten auftreten. Aus den im Labor oder im Feld gewonnenen Untersuchungsergebnissen lassen sich konkrete Handlungsempfehlungen ableiten, um Dialogmarketingangebote im Offline-, Online- oder crossmedialen Bereich optimal auf die Bedürfnisse und Erwartungen der Kunden und Kundinnen auszurichten.
Das TMKB-Modell beschreibt einen Weg, den persönlichen und unternehmerischen Erfolg im beruflichen Alltag effizient und nachhaltig zu erreichen. Hierbei steht TMKB für den Transfer von Methoden und Kompetenzen in den Beruf. Dieses Modell beachtet die Theorien der Kompetenzentwicklung im Kontext realer Problemstellungen in Unternehmen. Beispielhaft wird das TMKB-Modell in der ersten Stufe mit dem Schwerpunkt Lean- und Projektmanagement erläutert. Die Zielgruppe dieses Ansatzes lässt sich über die der Auszubildenden bis hin zu Studierenden und Berufserfahrenen erweitern.
DE\GLOBALIZE
(2020)