Refine
Document Type
- Conference Proceeding (202)
- Article (reviewed) (74)
- Article (unreviewed) (27)
- Patent (20)
- Letter to Editor (16)
- Book (11)
- Part of a Book (10)
- Doctoral Thesis (10)
- Report (10)
- Contribution to a Periodical (7)
Conference Type
- Konferenzartikel (176)
- Konferenz-Abstract (19)
- Sonstiges (5)
- Konferenz-Poster (2)
Language
- English (296)
- German (91)
- Other language (1)
- Multiple languages (1)
- Russian (1)
Has Fulltext
- no (390) (remove)
Is part of the Bibliography
- yes (390)
Keywords
- Machine Learning (12)
- RoboCup (12)
- Deep Leaning (9)
- Götz von Berlichingen (5)
- Heart rhythm model (5)
- Herzrhythmusmodell (5)
- Modeling and simulation (5)
- E-Fahrzeug (4)
- Johann Sebastian Bach (4)
- Regelungstechnik (4)
- Robustness (4)
- machine learning (4)
- neural networks (4)
- printed electronics (4)
- Augmented Reality (3)
- Data Science (3)
- Generative Adversarial Network (3)
- Radar (3)
- Security (3)
- Simulation (3)
- Umweltforschung (3)
- artificial intelligence (3)
- catheter ablation (3)
- deep learning (3)
- image classification (3)
- 3D-CAD (2)
- Ablation (2)
- Aliasing (2)
- Bearings (2)
- Bioimpedance measurement (2)
- Biomechanik (2)
- Blockchain (2)
- CNNs (2)
- Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (2)
- Computer Vision (2)
- Cryoballoon catheter ablation (2)
- Current measurement (2)
- Data Mining (2)
- Deep learning (2)
- Digitaltechnik (2)
- Energie (2)
- Energiemanagement (2)
- Energy Flexibility (2)
- Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy (2)
- Functional neuroimaging (2)
- GPU Computing (2)
- Geophysik (2)
- Handprothese (2)
- Implantat (2)
- Internet of Things (2)
- IoT security (2)
- Kalman Filter (2)
- Katheterablation (2)
- Kryoballonkatheter (2)
- Künstliche Intelligenz (2)
- Medizintechnik (2)
- Modellierung und Simulation (2)
- NB-IoT (2)
- Neurostimulation (2)
- Optimization (2)
- Positron emission tomography (2)
- Predictive Maintenance (2)
- Predictive maintenance (2)
- Prothetik (2)
- Pulmonalvenenisolation (2)
- RFID (2)
- Röntgen (2)
- Stability (2)
- Subspace Clustering (2)
- Substrates (2)
- Supraventricular tachycardia (2)
- Switches (2)
- Triggerstabilität (2)
- UWB radars (2)
- Virtual Reality (2)
- Virtuelle Realität (2)
- Vorhofflimmern (2)
- Zustandsraum (2)
- accountability (2)
- adversarial attacks (2)
- atrial fibrillation (2)
- autoattack (2)
- biomaterials (2)
- certificate management (2)
- convolutional neural networks (2)
- cryptography (2)
- detection (2)
- esophageal catheter (2)
- explainability (2)
- fairness (2)
- imaging algorithms (2)
- interactive visualization (2)
- medical imaging (2)
- microwave (2)
- neuroprosthetics (2)
- physical unclonable function (2)
- programming (2)
- pulmonary vein isolation (2)
- responsibility (2)
- scattering measurements (2)
- semantics (2)
- trust (2)
- understandability (2)
- 3D CAD (1)
- 3D Strukturlichtscanner (1)
- 3D computer-aided design (1)
- 3D multi-material polymer printing (1)
- 3D print (1)
- 3D-Druck (1)
- 3D-Modelling (1)
- 3D-Visualisierung (1)
- 3d print (1)
- 5G (1)
- 5G mobile communication (1)
- 5G private networks (1)
- AC machines (1)
- AIN Cantilever (1)
- AR (1)
- AR glasses (1)
- Abbildungsqualität (1)
- Abguss der Hand (1)
- Ablationstherapie (1)
- Additive Manufacturing (1)
- Adversarial Attacks (1)
- Adversarial Robustness (1)
- Adversarial examples (1)
- Adversarial robustness (1)
- Agent based sensor (1)
- Air Pollution (1)
- Akrogerie (1)
- Aluminum (1)
- Amplitude and Phase Errors (1)
- Ancient Capua leg (1)
- Angle of Arrival (1)
- Antenna measurements (1)
- Antennas (1)
- Antriebsregelung (1)
- Approximation (1)
- Archiv für Kriminologie (1)
- Artificial Intelligence (1)
- Artifizielle Kognition (1)
- Atrial fibrillation (1)
- Aurikuläre Stimulation (1)
- Authentication (1)
- Authorization (1)
- Automated idea generation (1)
- Automation (1)
- Automatisierungstechnik (1)
- Automotive Radar (1)
- Autopsie (1)
- Azzolini degli Onesti (1)
- Bartolomeo da Varignana (1)
- Batterie (1)
- Battery storage (1)
- Bearing fault classification (1)
- Becquerel (1)
- Berühmte Komponisten (1)
- Berühmte Maler (1)
- Berühmte Persönlichkeiten (1)
- Bioimpedanzmessung (1)
- Biomimetics (1)
- Blockchains (1)
- Boundary conditions (1)
- Bowtie antenna (1)
- Brückenkurse (1)
- Business Intelligence (1)
- CNN (1)
- Calibration (1)
- Capua-Bein (1)
- Cardiac modelling (1)
- Cardiac resynchronization therapy (1)
- Carpe diem (1)
- Cesare Lombroso (1)
- Challenges in Action Recognition (1)
- Chemical engineering (1)
- Cleaning (1)
- Clustering (1)
- Cochlea-Implantate (1)
- Cognitive Computing (1)
- Collaboration of Academia and Industry (1)
- Compensation (1)
- Control Algorithms (1)
- Crash tests (1)
- Current Control (1)
- DC-AC converters (1)
- Data breech (1)
- Deactivation/activation processes (1)
- Debinding (1)
- Deep Learning (1)
- Deep Neural Network (1)
- Deep Reinforcement Learning (1)
- Defibrillatortherapie (1)
- Device characterization (1)
- Diagnostics (1)
- Didaktik (1)
- Digital Beamforming (1)
- Digital Flex Twin Optimization (1)
- Digital Twin (1)
- Digitale Lehre (1)
- Diseases (1)
- Domenico Scarlatti (1)
- Drehstromantrieb (1)
- Drehzahlregelung (1)
- Durchlaufzeiten (1)
- E-Learning (1)
- EAP-TLS (1)
- EKF-SLAM (1)
- EKG (1)
- ETAP Simulations (1)
- EU Timber Regulation (1)
- Eco-inventive principles (1)
- Economics (1)
- Education (1)
- Ehlers-Danlos-Syndrom Typ IV (1)
- Eigenvalues (1)
- Einkommensverhältnisse in der Barockzeit (1)
- Electric Vehicle (1)
- Electrical Engineering (1)
- Electromagnetic and thermal simulation (1)
- Electronic Engineering (1)
- Elektroden-Interface (1)
- Elektrofahrzeug (1)
- Elektroniksystem (1)
- Elektrophysiologie (1)
- Elektrophysiologische Untersuchung (1)
- Elektrotherapie (1)
- Embalming (1)
- Energietechnik (1)
- Energieversorgung (1)
- Energiewende (1)
- Energiewirtschaft (1)
- Energiezelle (1)
- Energy Flexibility for Companies (1)
- Energy Harvesting (1)
- Energy Management (1)
- Energy Marketing of Industrial Flexibilities (1)
- Entropie (1)
- Entropy (1)
- Environmental monitoring (1)
- Error (1)
- Erweiterte Realität (1)
- Esophageal catheter (1)
- Esophageal electrode (1)
- Estimation (1)
- Evaluation (1)
- Exoskelett (1)
- Explainable AI (1)
- FDM-Technik (1)
- FUSION (1)
- Failure analysis (1)
- Famous composers (1)
- Fanny Hensel (1)
- Fault Classification (1)
- Fault classification (1)
- Featherweight Go (1)
- Federated Learning (1)
- Feldorientierung (1)
- Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) (1)
- Field-programmable gate array (FPGA) (1)
- Finite-Elemente-Methode (1)
- Fotografie (1)
- Funktionalismus (1)
- Fused Filament Fabrication (1)
- Führungsgrößenkorrektur (1)
- Ganganalyse (1)
- General Energy (1)
- Genetic Algorithm (1)
- Genetischer Algorithmus (1)
- Giftmord (1)
- Grinding machines (1)
- HWS-Schleudertrauma (1)
- Halbleitertechnologie (1)
- Halswirbelsäule (1)
- Handschrift (1)
- Handswritten Character Recognition (1)
- Handynacken (1)
- Hannes hand (1)
- Hard rock (1)
- Hardware Security (1)
- Harmonic analysis (1)
- Heart Rhythm Simulation (1)
- Heart rhythm simulation (1)
- Hemodynamic monitoring (1)
- Herzfehler (1)
- Herzkatheterablation (1)
- Herzschrittmachertherapie (1)
- High frequency ablation (1)
- His-Bundle Pacing (1)
- His-bundle pacing (1)
- Hochschuldidaktik (1)
- Horaz (1)
- Hybrid Vehicle (1)
- Hybrid system (1)
- Hybride Lehre (1)
- Hydrosphygmograph (1)
- Hörgeräte (1)
- IEC/IEEE 60802 security (1)
- IEEE802.15.4 (1)
- IIoT (1)
- Implantierbare Neurostimulatoren (1)
- Induktive Schnittstelle (1)
- Industrial Blockchain (1)
- Industry Use cases (1)
- Inertial (1)
- Ink (1)
- Integrierte Schaltung (1)
- Intelligentes Stromnetz (1)
- Intermediate domain (1)
- Inventive principles (1)
- Inventive problem solving (1)
- Inverters (1)
- IoT (1)
- IoT Security (1)
- Iron Hand (1)
- Jitter (1)
- Kamera-Tracking (1)
- Kanalisation (1)
- Kindersterblichkeit (1)
- Kognitionswissenschaften (1)
- Kognitive Kybernetik (1)
- Konnektionismus (1)
- Konstruktivismus (1)
- Kriminalanthropologie (1)
- Kriminologie (1)
- LPWAN (1)
- Large Grid-Connected PV Systems (1)
- Left Atrial Appendage Closure (1)
- Lehrmittel (1)
- Leonardo da Vinci (1)
- Limiting (1)
- Load Flow Analysis (1)
- Logic gates (1)
- Long Term Evolution (1)
- Low-Cost Füllstandssensor (1)
- Lügendetektor (1)
- M. Pick (1)
- MEMS (1)
- MIMO (1)
- MINT (1)
- MLOps (1)
- MPC (1)
- Machine learning (1)
- Machine-learning (1)
- Magnetic resonance (1)
- Magnetic sensors (1)
- Manufacturing automation (1)
- Manufacturing industries (1)
- Marfan-Syndrom (1)
- Material Flow (1)
- Materialfluss (1)
- Maurice Ravel (1)
- Mean Square Error (1)
- Measurement (1)
- Medizingeschichte (1)
- Memento mori! (1)
- Micro-electromechanical system (1)
- Microcontroller (1)
- Microgrid(s) (1)
- Microtunnelling (1)
- Mild traumatic brain injury (1)
- Mode Collapse (1)
- Model Calibration (1)
- Model Predictive Control (1)
- Model Search (1)
- Modellierung (1)
- Mona Lisa (1)
- Monitoring (1)
- Monocular Depth Estimation (1)
- Monte-Carlo (1)
- Monte-Carlo Simulation (1)
- Monte-Carlo method (1)
- Multiside heart stimulation (1)
- Mumie (1)
- Mumifizierung von Leichen (1)
- Mummy (1)
- Musik (1)
- NETCONF security (1)
- Nahfeldkommunikation (1)
- Nature-inspired principles (1)
- Natürliche Kognition (1)
- Network Test (1)
- Netzintegration (1)
- Neural Architecture Search (1)
- Neural networks (1)
- Neuroprothetics (1)
- Neurosyphilis (1)
- Nicolo Paganini (1)
- Noise measurement (1)
- Nyquist-Shannon (1)
- OT security (1)
- Octave Convolution (1)
- Okkluder (1)
- Online Lehre (1)
- Online-Marketing (1)
- Optimierung (1)
- Optimisation (1)
- Optimization with Digital Twins (1)
- Optische Zeichenerkennung (1)
- Organic electronics (1)
- Otto Lilienthal (1)
- PI control (1)
- PKI (1)
- PLA-Filamente (1)
- PROFINET IO (1)
- PROFINET Security (1)
- PUF key generation (1)
- PV System (1)
- Parallelization (1)
- Parameter Estimation (1)
- Parameter estimation (1)
- Passives System (1)
- Pathophysiologie (1)
- Pattern Recognition (1)
- Peak shaving (1)
- Peer to peer network (1)
- Penetration prediction (1)
- Performance (1)
- Performance evaluation (1)
- Permanent magnet machines (1)
- Physical Distancing (1)
- Physical Unclonable Functions (1)
- Physical unclonable function (1)
- Physically Unclonable Function (1)
- Physiological Pacing (1)
- Physiological cardiac pacing (1)
- Pierre-Marie-Bamberger syndrome (1)
- Polygraph (1)
- Power Loss (1)
- Predictions (1)
- Predictive Control (1)
- Predictive Models (1)
- Printed Electronics (1)
- Process design (1)
- Production (1)
- Produktion (1)
- Programming Languages (1)
- Prothesen und Implantate (1)
- Pulmonary vein isolation (1)
- Pulse width modulation (1)
- RUL (1)
- Radio frequency (1)
- Radiofrequency identification (1)
- Random call model (1)
- Real-Time Communication (1)
- Reduktionismus (1)
- Regler-Windup (1)
- Regularization (1)
- Rehabilitation (1)
- Rekonstruktion (1)
- Remaining useful life (1)
- Renewable Energy Markets (1)
- Representation Learning (1)
- Resistance (1)
- Riefelharnisch (1)
- Robert Schumann (1)
- Roboter (1)
- Rosalia Lombardo (1)
- Rotors (1)
- Roubst overfitting (1)
- Sampling (1)
- Schalllokalisation (1)
- Schaltwerk (1)
- Schädel-Hirn-Trauma (1)
- Scientific Reports (1)
- Second Iron Hand (1)
- Second-order Optimization (1)
- Self-Calibration (1)
- Semiconductor Device (1)
- Semiconductor device measurement (1)
- Sensor phenomena and characterization (1)
- Sequenzielle Schaltung (1)
- Simulation und Modellierung (1)
- Sintering (1)
- Skelett (1)
- Smart Energy Metering (1)
- Smart Gardening (1)
- Smart Grids (1)
- Smart Home (1)
- Smart metering (1)
- Smart-UPS (1)
- SmartMAC (1)
- Smartphone (1)
- Social Distancing (1)
- Software (1)
- Software algorithms (1)
- Software for measurements (1)
- Solar Radiation (1)
- Spacial Anchors (1)
- Spinal cord stimulation (1)
- Sprachwahrnehmung (1)
- Stellgrößenbegrenzung (1)
- Steuerbarkeit (1)
- Steuerung (1)
- Strecken-Windup (1)
- Stromregelung (1)
- Stromversorgungsnetz (1)
- Struma (1)
- Studieneingangsphase (1)
- Störgrößenbeobachter (1)
- Störmodell (1)
- Subarachnodialblutung (1)
- Supraventrikuläre Tachyarrhythmien (1)
- Sustainable technology (1)
- Systematic innovation (1)
- TBM performance (1)
- TLS (1)
- TRIZ methodology (1)
- TSN security (1)
- Testbed (1)
- Time Sensitive Networking (1)
- Time Series Classification (1)
- Time Synchronization (1)
- Time series data (1)
- TinyML (1)
- Torque (1)
- Total Harmonic Distortion (1)
- Traceability (1)
- Training (1)
- Transesophageal left atrial pacing (1)
- Transesophageal neurostimulation (1)
- Transfer learning (1)
- Transösophageale Neurostimulation (1)
- Trust management (1)
- Ultra-Low Energy (1)
- Unsupervised Conditional Training (1)
- Unsupervised Learning (1)
- Unterrichtsmethode (1)
- Unterschenkelprothese (1)
- Utility tunnelling (1)
- Variational Autoencoders (1)
- Vergiftungsfälle (1)
- Vergänglichkeit (1)
- Verkehr (1)
- Vesuvius eruption (1)
- Visual Analytics (1)
- Voltage measurement (1)
- Vorhofseptumdefekt (1)
- Whiplash injury (1)
- Whiplash-associated disorders (1)
- Wilhelm His Sr. (1)
- Wireless IoT (1)
- Wireless Sensor Nodes (1)
- Wissenschaftsphilosophie (1)
- Wärmepumpen (1)
- Yolov5 (1)
- Zustandsregler (1)
- Zweite "Eiserne Hand" (1)
- accelerometer (1)
- adversarial (1)
- adversarial detection (1)
- aerosol modeling (1)
- air raid of the Royal College of Surgeons London (1)
- ancient Capua leg (1)
- anisotropy (1)
- anthropology (1)
- attribute manipulation (1)
- augmented reality (1)
- augmented reality glasses (1)
- autoML (1)
- autonomous systems (1)
- bearing (1)
- bench-marking (1)
- bimodal hearing (1)
- biocompatibility test (1)
- biodegradable (1)
- biomechanical stimulation (1)
- bionics (1)
- brain vitrification (1)
- building management systems (1)
- camera-based navigation (1)
- cellular radio (1)
- cifar (1)
- climate emulation (1)
- cochlear implant (1)
- computer network management (1)
- copper oxide (1)
- correlation (1)
- credentials (1)
- crossbar (1)
- curb (1)
- curriculum learning (1)
- deep reinforcement learning (1)
- defense (1)
- degradation stages (1)
- dictionary passing (1)
- diode modeling (1)
- drumstick fingers (1)
- echocardiography (1)
- efficient training (1)
- electrolyte-gated transistors (1)
- electrophysiological investigation (1)
- embedded systems (1)
- energy harvesting (1)
- face editing (1)
- face recognition (1)
- fail-operational (1)
- fingerprinting (1)
- first Röntgen picture (1)
- first iron hand (1)
- fourier (1)
- frühe Neuzeit (1)
- gan (1)
- generative adversarial networks (1)
- ground penetrating radar (1)
- hair (1)
- hand prostheses (1)
- hand prosthesis (1)
- hand prosthetic (1)
- hearing aid (1)
- heart rhythm model (1)
- heat pump (1)
- height estimation (1)
- hieroglyphs (1)
- history-inspired (1)
- home automation (1)
- hybrid networks (1)
- hybrid systems (1)
- identification (1)
- image color analysis (1)
- imagenet (1)
- impedance cardiography (1)
- in-vitro Simulation (1)
- indium oxide (1)
- industrial Ethernet (1)
- industrial IoT (1)
- industrial communication (1)
- interaural stimulation timing (1)
- interpretation (1)
- irrigation (1)
- lid (1)
- linguistics (1)
- low-cost sensors and devices (1)
- maceration, vessel elements (1)
- machine-to-machine communication (1)
- mahalanobis (1)
- matrix modules (1)
- medical history (1)
- metal oxide transistor (1)
- millimeter-wave (1)
- model-predictive control (1)
- molybdenum (1)
- multipath (1)
- musical history (1)
- mutual authentication (1)
- neural architecture search (1)
- neurology (1)
- nickel oxide (1)
- noise measurement (1)
- nose (1)
- oil painting (1)
- osseointegration (1)
- oxide electronics (1)
- pandemics (1)
- parking (1)
- partial shading (1)
- pattern recognition (1)
- perception (1)
- performance (1)
- physically unclonable function (PUF) (1)
- physics-informed ML (1)
- plague (1)
- pn-diode (1)
- precision medicine (1)
- predictive maintenance (1)
- primary authentication (1)
- primary progressive aphasia (1)
- primäre progrediente Aphasie (1)
- printed Antennas (1)
- programming languages (1)
- proof-of-concept study (1)
- prostheses (1)
- prosthesis (1)
- prosthetics (1)
- pruning (1)
- radiation protection (1)
- radio networks (1)
- real-time systems (1)
- rekeying (1)
- replica (1)
- resource efficiency (1)
- robustness (1)
- secure communication (1)
- security (1)
- seismic (1)
- sensor and actuator networks (1)
- shingle solar cells (1)
- skin cancer (1)
- skin cancer detection (1)
- software defined radio (1)
- solar module (1)
- sound localization (1)
- sparse backpropagation (1)
- spectral defense (1)
- spectraldefense (1)
- spinal cord stimulation (1)
- statistical methods, ROS (1)
- stochastic computing (1)
- style (1)
- style transfer (1)
- system authenticity (1)
- telecommunication equipment testing (1)
- temperature sensor (1)
- thinned ASIC in foil (1)
- titanium fibers (1)
- transesophageal electrical pacing (1)
- transesophageal neurostimulation (1)
- transmit beamforming (1)
- trustworthy ai (1)
- virtual simulations (1)
- visual analytics (1)
- visual control (1)
- visualization (1)
- visuelle Steuerung (1)
- watch glass nails (1)
- wide area networks (1)
- wireless sensor networks (1)
- wood identification (1)
- z-Transformation (1)
- zeitdiskrete Regelverfahren (1)
- zeitdiskreter PI-Zustandsregler (1)
- zweistufiger Beobachterentwurf (1)
- Ösophaguselektrodensonde (1)
- Ösophaguskatheter (1)
Institute
- Fakultät Elektrotechnik, Medizintechnik und Informatik (EMI) (ab 04/2019) (390) (remove)
Open Access
- Open Access (161)
- Closed Access (136)
- Closed (81)
- Bronze (47)
- Diamond (20)
- Grün (3)
- Gold (2)
- Hybrid (1)
The visualization of heart rhythm disturbance and atrial fibrillation therapy allow the optimization of new cardiac catheter ablations. With the simulation software CST (Computer Simulation Technology, Darmstadt) electromagnetic and thermal simulations can be carried out to analyze and optimize different heart rhythm disturbance and cardiac catheters for pulmonary vein isolation. Another form of visualization is provided by haptic, three-dimensional print models. These models can be produced using an additive manufacturing method, such as a 3D printer. The aim of the study was to produce a 3D print of the Offenburg heart rhythm model with a representation of an atrial fibrillation ablation procedure to improve the visualization of simulation of cardiac catheter ablation.
The basis of 3D printing was the Offenburg heart rhythm model and the associated simulation of cryoablation of the pulmonary vein. The thermal simulation shows the pulmonary vein isolation of the left inferior pulmonary vein with the cryoballoon catheter Arctic Front AdvanceTM from Medtronic. After running through the simulation, the thermal propagation during the procedure was shown in the form of different colors. The three-dimensional print models were constructed on the base of the described simulation in a CAD program. Four different 3D printers are available for this purpose in a rapid prototyping laboratory at the University of Applied Science Offenburg. Two different printing processes were used: 1. a binder jetting printer with polymer gypsum and 2. a multi-material printer with photopolymer. A final print model with additional representation of the esophagus and internal esophagus catheter was also prepared for printing.
With the help of the thermal simulation results and the subsequent evaluation, it was possible to make a conclusion about the propagation of the cold emanating from the catheter in the myocardium and the surrounding tissue. It could be measured that already 3 mm from the balloon surface into the myocardium the temperature drops to 25 °C. The simulation model was printed using two 3D printing methods. Both methods as well as the different printing materials offer different advantages and disadvantages. While the first model made of polymer gypsum can be produced quickly and cheaply, the second model made of photopolymer takes five times longer and was twice as expensive. On the other hand, the second model offers significantly better properties and was more durable overall. All relevant parts, especially the balloon catheter and the conduction, are realistically represented. Only the thermal propagation in the form of different colors is not shown on this model.
Three-dimensional heart rhythm models as well as virtual simulations allow a very good visualization of complex cardiac rhythm therapy and atrial fibrillation treatment methods. The printed models can be used for optimization and demonstration of cryoballoon catheter ablation in patients with atrial fibrillation.
The visualization of heart rhythm disturbance and atrial fibrillation therapy allows the optimization of new cardiac catheter ablations. With the simulation software CST (Computer Simulation Technology, Darmstadt) electromagnetic and thermal simulations can be carried out to analyze and optimize different heart rhythm disturbance and cardiac catheters for pulmonary vein isolation. Another form of visualization is provided by haptic, three-dimensional print models. These models can be produced using an additive manufacturing method, such as a 3d printer. The aim of the study was to produce a 3d print of the Offenburg heart rhythm model with a representation of an atrial fibrillation ablation procedure to improve the visualization of simulation of cardiac catheter ablation. The basis of 3d printing was the Offenburg heart rhythm model and the associated simulation of cryoablation of the pulmonary vein. The thermal simulation shows the pulmonary vein isolation of the left inferior pulmonary vein with the cryoballoon catheter Arctic Front Advance™ from Medtronic. After running through the simulation, the thermal propagation during the procedure was shown in the form of different colors. The three-dimensional print models were constructed on the base of the described simulation in a CAD program. Four different 3d printers are available for this purpose in a rapid prototyping laboratory at the University of Applied Science Offenburg. Two different printing processes were used and a final print model with additional representation of the esophagus and internal esophagus catheter was also prepared for printing. With the help of the thermal simulation results and the subsequent evaluation, it was possible to draw a conclusion about the propagation of the cold emanating from the catheter in the myocardium and the surrounding tissue. It was measured that just 3 mm from the balloon surface into the myocardium the temperature dropped to 25 °C. The simulation model was printed using two 3d printing methods. Both methods, as well as the different printing materials offer different advantages and disadvantages. All relevant parts, especially the balloon catheter and the conduction, are realistically represented. Only the thermal propagation in the form of different colors is not shown on this model. Three-dimensional heart rhythm models as well as virtual simulations allow very clear visualization of complex cardiac rhythm therapy and atrial fibrillation treatment methods. The printed models can be used for optimization and demonstration of cryoballoon catheter ablation in patients with atrial fibrillation.
Um medizinische Behandlungsverfahren in der Praxis besser verstehen und anwenden zu können, gewinnt die Visualisierung der Prozesse an immer größerer Bedeutung. Durch Anwendung der Computer-Simulationssoftware CST können elektromagnetische und thermische Simulationen zur Analyse verschiedener Herzrhythmusstörungen durchgeführt werden. Eine weitere Form der Visualisierung erfolgt durch haptische, dreidimensionale Druckmodelle. Diese Modelle können mit einem generativen Herstellungsverfahren, wie z. B. einem 3D-Drucker, in kürzester Zeit hergestellt werden.
The Internet of Things (IoT) application has becoming progressively in-demand, most notably for the embedded devices (ED). However, each device has its own difference in computational capabilities, memory usage, and energy resources in connecting to the Internet by using Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). In order for this to be achievable, the WSNs that form the bulk of the IoT implementation requires a new set of technologies and protocol that would have a defined area, in which it addresses. Thus, IPv6 Low Power Area Network (6LoWPAN) was designed by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) as a standard network for ED. Nevertheless, the communication between ED and 6LoWPAN requires appropriate routing protocols for it to achieve the efficient Quality of Service (QoS). Among the protocols of 6LoWPAN network, RPL is considered to be the best protocol, however its Energy Consumption (EC) and Routing Overhead (RO) is considerably high when it is implemented in a large network. Therefore, this paper would propose the HRPL to enchance the RPL protocol in reducing the EC and RO. In this study, the researchers would present the performance of RPL and HRPL in terms of EC, Control traffic Overhead (CTO) and latency based on the simulation of the 6LoWPAN network in fixed environment using COOJA simulator. The results show HRPL protocol achieves better performance in all the tested topology in terms of EC and CTO. However, the latency of HRPL only improves in chain topology compared with RPL. We found that further research is required to study the relationship between the latency and the load of packet transmission in order to optimize the EC usage.
Inadequate mechanical compliance of orthopedic implants can result in excessive strain of the bone interface, and ultimately, aseptic loosening. It is hypothesized that a fiber-based biometal with adjustable anisotropic mechanical properties can reduce interface strain, facilitate continuous remodeling, and improve implant survival under complex loads. The biometal is based on strategically layered sintered titanium fibers. Six different topologies are manufactured. Specimens are tested under compression in three orthogonal axes under 3-point bending and torsion until failure. Biocompatibility testing involves murine osteoblasts. Osseointegration is investigated by micro-computed tomography and histomorphometry after implantation in a metaphyseal trepanation model in sheep. The material demonstrates compressive yield strengths of up to 50 MPa and anisotropy correlating closely with fiber layout. Samples with 75% porosity are both stronger and stiffer than those with 85% porosity. The highest bending modulus is found in samples with parallel fiber orientation, while the highest shear modulus is found in cross-ply layouts. Cell metabolism and morphology indicate uncompromised biocompatibility. Implants demonstrate robust circumferential osseointegration in vivo after 8 weeks. The biometal introduced in this study demonstrates anisotropic mechanical properties similar to bone, and excellent osteoconductivity and feasibility as an orthopedic implant material.
Printed electronics (PE) is a fast-growing field with promising applications in wearables, smart sensors, and smart cards, since it provides mechanical flexibility, and low-cost, on-demand, and customizable fabrication. To secure the operation of these applications, true random number generators (TRNGs) are required to generate unpredictable bits for cryptographic functions and padding. However, since the additive fabrication process of the PE circuits results in high intrinsic variations due to the random dispersion of the printed inks on the substrate, constructing a printed TRNG is challenging. In this article, we exploit the additive customizable fabrication feature of inkjet printing to design a TRNG based on electrolyte-gated field-effect transistors (EGFETs). We also propose a printed resistor tuning flow for the TRNG circuit to mitigate the overall process variation of the TRNG so that the generated bits are mostly based on the random noise in the circuit, providing a true random behavior. The simulation results show that the overall process variation of the TRNGs is mitigated by 110 times, and the generated bitstream of the tuned TRNGs passes the National Institute of Standards and Technology - Statistical Test Suite. For the proof of concept, the proposed TRNG circuit was fabricated and tuned. The characterization results of the tuned TRNGs prove that the TRNGs generate random bitstreams at the supply voltage of down to 0.5 V. Hence, the proposed TRNG design is suitable to secure low-power applications in this domain.
Seismic data has often missing traces due to technical acquisition or economical constraints. A compete dataset is crucial in several processing and inversion techniques. Deep learning algorithms, based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs), have shown alternative solutions that overcome limitation of traditional interpolation methods e.g. data regularity, linearity assumption, etc. There are two different paradigms of CNN methods for seismic interpolation. The first one, so-called deep prior interpolation (DPI), trains a CNN to map random noise to a complete seismic image using only the decimated image itself. The second one, referred as standard deep learning method, trains a CNN to map a decimated seismic image into a complete one using a dataset of complete and artificially decimated images. Within this research, we systematically compare the performance of both methods for different quantities of regular and irregular missing traces using 4 datasets. We evaluate the results of both methods using 5 well-known metrics. We found that DPI method performs better than the standard method if the percentage of missing traces is low (10%) and otherwise if the level of decimation is high (50%).
Radio frequency identification (RFID) antennas are popular for high frequency (HF) RFID, energy transfer and near field communication (NFC) applications. Particularly for wireless measurement systems the RFID/NFC technology is a good option to implement a wireless communication interface. In this context, the design of corresponding reader and transmitter antennas plays a major role for achieving suitable transmission quality. This work proves the feasibility of the rapid prototyping of a RFID/NFC antenna, which is used for the wireless communication and energy harvesting at the required frequency of 13.56 MHz. A novel and low-cost direct ink writing (DIW) technology utilizing highly viscous silver nanoparticle ink is used for this process. This paper describes the development and analysis of low-cost printed flexible RFID/NFC antennas on cost-effective substrates for a microelectronic vital parameter measurement system. Furthermore, we compare the measured technical parameters with existing copper-based counterparts on a FR4 substrate.