Open Access

Statistische Daten über den Wärmepumpenmarkt, hier speziell den europäischen, sind schwer zu bekommen. Ausführliche länderbezogene Recherchen werden durch zwei Institutionen angeboten: BRG (International Strategic Market Research And Consultancy On Building Product And Related Markets) und BSRIA (Building Services Research and Information Association), beide in London ansässig. Beschaffung dieser Daten ist jedoch mit erheblichen Kosten verbunden. Frei zugänglich sind dagegen Berichte von EHPA (European Heat Pump Association, Brüssel), die teilweise andere Schwerpunkte setzen, anders strukturiert sind und nur acht europäische Länder behandeln. Infolgedessen wurden beim Vergleich von BRG- und EHPA-Daten enorme Diskrepanzen für vier von acht Ländern festgestellt. Das Ziel dieses Berichts ist es, Trends auf dem europäischen Wärmepumpenmarkt aufzuzeigen. Diese Analyse war notwendig, um anschließend Untersuchungen zum Thema Energieeffizienz der Luftwärmepumpen durchzuführen.

Skills, abilities and capability of our freshmen are increasingly heterogeneous, regarding age, attained levels of education and motivational aspects. Additionally, students tend to recoil from subjects dealing with mathematical backgrounds. As a result high, drop-out numbers are a huge problem in technical degree programs. Since mechanics is based on physics and mathematics our students face enormous difficulties. To deal with them, a form of teaching and learning has been developed that is composed of the following arrangements: 1. Problems and tasks of different levels are solved during lessons. The access to theoretical issues is being developed by or rather as a result of solving these problems. By doing so, especially students with yet insufficient skills are enabled to develop their methodological skills. 2. Challenging students to independently transfer these skills on other problems is helpful. At the end of each lecture two students are selected randomly. Each of them is faced with an exercise they have to solve and present at the beginning of the next lecture. Because of small student numbers, chances are high that every student participates at least once by the end of semester. Surveys show that particularly weaker students benefit from that kind of model learning. 3. We are surrounded by mechanical issues. Given that, students are presented with “every-day-life” problems which students can apply their theoretical knowledge on. The problems are analyzed by groups of students, which leads to an enhanced and reflective perception of each and every one. Some examples are: “A broomstick in equilibrium”, “Sensitive cups”, “Transforming a roman basilica into a gothic cathedral”. 4. All lectures have been filmed by the staff of the Information Center of the Offenburg University during the previous term. Additionally to the notes taken by the students individually during the lectures, these recordings are helpful in the process of preparation and post-processing of the material. The recordings are accessible via the university’s learning management system “Moodle”. Surveys show that students benefit from the great variety of the provided, interactive learning arrangements. It is interesting to discover that students not only take positive advantages in the lecture “mechanics 1/statics” but tend to transfer these positive experiences on other subjects.

Both German and French Air-Source Heat Pump (ASHP) markets have been enjoying an overall upwards trend for many years but, nevertheless, they remain merely slightly penetrated. In terms of market players and their share, the French market is aptly diversified, whereas the German one, being utterly dominated by one single manufacturer, is badly in need of some diversification. At the same time Korean ASHP manufacturers are targeting the French but not German ASHP market. The main purpose of the paper is to find out likely reasons for their one-sided engagement, primarily those associated with the ASHP technology and its system-related aspects.