IBMS - Institute for Advanced Biomechanics and Motion Studies (ab 16.11.2022)
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Institute
We investigated the trade-off between metabolic cost and dynamic stability in 15 recreational runners who experienced sudden slip-like anteroposterior perturbations (SLAPs) during treadmill running (2.5 m/s). Following SLAPs, a significant 3.4% increase in the cost of transport was observed. However, there were no significant changes in single gait parameters or lower limb kinematics in the sagittal plane. Future investigations should explore the underlying neuromuscular mechanisms and broader functional biomechanical variables. Overall, we show that human motor control prioritizes dynamic stability more when expecting SLAPs compared to non-expecting them, highlighting a potential trade-off between metabolic efficiency and traumatic injury prevention that warrants further exploration of underlying mechanisms.
This study aimed to identify the impact of different forefoot cushioning properties in “advanced spiked footwear” on sprinting performance during the block start. Kinetic parameters were collected for twenty-three competitive sprinters during a block sprint start in two advanced spike conditions with only a difference in forefoot cushioning stiffness. An instrumented start block was used to measure the ground reaction forces applied in the front and rear leg. The stiffer shoe condition showed significantly better performance for most parameters, suggesting a softer midsole in forefoot cushioning is not related to better block start performance. This study has demonstrated that differences in midsole materials can alter sprinting block performance and should be considered when analysing advanced spikes features, especially across different shoe brands and their cushioning technologies.
The study aimed to establish dose-response relationships between systematically altered anterior trunk leaning (ATL) and lower extremity cumulative joint loading (angular impulse x number of strides) as well as cost of transport (COT) in distance running. Twenty-eight recreational runners underwent a series of six treadmill runs (2.5 m/s) with five predefined ATL conditions (from -4° extension to 28° flexion) and one self-selected ATL condition for five minutes with 3D motion capture and spirometry. Increasing ATL systematically decreased cumulative knee joint loading and increased cumulative hip joint loading in all conditions. However, running outside the preferred running style increased COT. Designing ATL-based overuse load management interventions shows promise, but clinical implementation requires careful consideration of the COT and joint loading trade-offs.
This study aimed to investigate the effects of ankle taping on lower extremity joint biomechanics. Kinetic and kinematic data were collected from 25 participants using 3D motion capturing and force platforms without shoes for running (RUN), drop jumping (DJ), and 180° change of direction (COD), in tape applied fresh (TF) and tape after sports-specific use (TU) conditions compared to a barefoot (BF) baseline. Taping conditions decreased peak ankle excursions and moments for the frontal and sagittal planes for some of the sports-specific movements. However, TF did not significantly alter the knee and hip moments in the frontal and sagittal planes. Reducing ankle excursion likely offers some protection to extreme joint ranges. To reduce restrictions imposed by fresh taping on the sagittal plane ankle ROM, applying ankle taping already during the pre-match warm-up might be useful.
Exploration of Neural Network Architectures for Inertia Parameter Identification of a Robotic Arm
(2024)
We propose a machine-learning-based approach for identifying inertia parameters of robotic systems. We evaluate the method in simulation and compare it against classical methods. Specifically, we implement parameter identification based on numerical optimization and test it using ground truth data. For a case study, we set up a physical simulation of a four-degree-of-freedom robot arm, formulating the problem with Newton-Euler equations as opposed to the conventional Lagrangian formulation at the joint level. Additionally, we derive a test methodology for assessing various Artificial Neural Network architectures.
In this study, the impact of footwear bending stiffness on ankle and foot biomechanics during indoor fake-and-cut manoeuvres was investigated. Footwear, along with torsional and bending stiffness, are hypothesized to influence the risk of ankle sprain injury. In this study, a mobile, pneumatically driven cantilever rig was used to quantify these footwear characteristics. Following this, participants executed fake-and-cut movements wearing their habitual footwear, while motion capture and force plate data were recorded. Utilizing machine learning clustering algorithms, participants were grouped based on their footwear stiffness. Subsequent SPM analysis revealed lower forefoot dorsiflexion and increased forefoot inversion in the stiff group. These findings underscore the need for further research on the interaction between shoe properties and injury risk indicators.
The purpose of this study was to assess if there is a difference in the thigh muscle activation patterns between a preplanned and unplanned sidestep cut performed by n = 31 experienced female handball players. Electromyogram vector fields containing the muscle activity of the vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, semitendinosus, and biceps femoris from 100 ms before ground contact until toe-off were created and compared using Statistical Parametric Mapping. Results show lower activity in the unplanned cut. When comparing individual muscles, vastus medialis was the only muscle showing differences between tasks, with the unplanned task eliciting lower activity right before initial ground contact. The findings of this study indicate that the knee joint might be more vulnerable to external knee joint moments in unplanned cutting tasks due to lower muscle pre-activity.