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Im Jahr 1504 verlor der deutsche Ritter Gottfried („Götz“) von Berlichingen seine
rechte Hand. Schon während seiner Genesung dachte er daran, die Hand zu ersetzen,
und beauftragte bald darauf die erste Handprothese, die sogenannte „Eiserne Hand“.
Jahre später wurde die aufwändigere zweite „Eiserne Hand“ gebaut. Wir haben die erste
Prothese auf der Basis früherer Literaturdaten von
Quasigroch (1982) mit Hilfe von 3-D
Computer-Aided Design (CAD) rekonstruiert. Dazu mussten einige Abmessungen angepasst
und ein paar Annahmen für das CAD-Modell gemacht werden. Die historische passive
Prothese des Götz von Berlichingen ist für die moderne Neuroprothetik interessant, da sie
eine Alternative zu komplexen invasiven Brain-Machine-Interface-Konzepten darstellen
könnte, wo diese Konzepte nicht notwendig, möglich oder vom Patienten gewünscht sind.
In this study, we tested the function of a replica of the over 500-year-old original of the
famous Franconian Imperial Knight Götz von Berlichingen’s first “iron hand”, which we
reconstructed by computer-aided design (CAD) and recently printed using a multi-material
3D printer. In different everyday tasks, the artificial hand prosthesis proved to be remarkably
helpful. Thus, the hand could hold a wine glass, some grapes, or a smartphone. With a
suitable pencil, even writing was possible without any problem. Although for all these
functions the healthy other hand was necessary to assist at the beginning, the artificial hand
is an astonishing mechanical aid with many possibilities. Therefore, in certain cases, the
non-invasive approach of a passive mechanical hand replacement, which is an individual,
quick and cheap solution due to modern 3D printing, may always be worth considering
also for today’s requirements.
A novel approach of a testbed for embedded networking nodes has been conceptualized and implemented. It is based on the use of virtual nodes in a PC environment, where each node executes the original embedded code. Different nodes are running in parallel and are connected via so-called virtual interfaces. The presented approach is very efficient and allows a simple description of test cases without the need of a network simulator. Furthermore, it speeds up the process of developing new features.
With increasing flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices in operation, like the most versatile unified power flow controller (UPFC), the AC/DC transmission flexibility and power system stability have been suffering unprecedented challenge. This paper introduces the user-defined modeling (UDM) method into the UPFC dynamic modeling process, to deal with the challenging requirements of power system operation. This has also been verified using a leading-edge stability analysis software named DSATools TM in the IEEE-39 bus benchmark system. The characteristics of steady-state and dynamic responses are compared and analyzed under different conditions. Furthermore, simulation results prove the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed UPFC in terms of both the independent regulation of power flow and the improvement of transient stability.
Am Buffet des Lebens
(2017)
Cellular phone antennas are generally designed to have radiation patterns that are as omnidirectional as possible. Omnidirectional antennas allow a phone’s radio to work well for many orientations of the phone with respect to the cellular base station. Recent studies, however, are generating uncertainty about the health effects of prolonged exposure to electromagnetic (EM) radiation from cellular phones. In this paper, an antenna array is designed primarily to minimize users’ exposure to EM radiation. The antenna comprises a beamforming 4 by 3 array of microstrip patch antennas that is controlled by an accelerometer-only inertial navigation system. The proposed design reduces radiated power directed toward the user to below 10% of the total in the worst case.
Das normalhörende auditorische System ist in der Lage, interaurale Zeit- bzw. Phasendifferenzen zur verbesserten Signaldetektion im Störgeräusch zu nutzen. Dieses Phänomen wird häufig als binaurale Entmaskierung bezeichnet und ist sowohl bei einfachen Signalen wie Sinustönen, als auch bei Sprachsignalen im Störgeräusch wirksam. Vorangegangene Studien haben gezeigt, dass binaurale Entmaskierung eingeschränkt auch bei bilateralen CI-Trägern beobachtbar ist (Zirn et al., 2016).
Aktuelle Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die binaurale Entmaskierung sensitiv gegenüber der bilateralen CI-Anpassung ist. So lässt sich der Effekt durch tonotopen Abgleich und Herausstellen eines apikalen Feinstrukturkanals modulieren. Steigerungen der binauralen Entmaskierung um bis zu 1,5 dB sind auf diese Weise gegenüber der konventionellen CI-Anpassung möglich. Allerdings variiert der Einfluss der CI-Anpassung interindividuell erheblich.