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Alexander von Humboldt, a German scientist and explorer of the 19th century, viewed the natural world holistically and described the harmony of nature among the diversity of the physical world as a conjoining between all physical disciplines. He noted in his diary: “Everything is interconnectedness.”
The main feature of Humboldt’s pioneering work was later named “Humboldtian science”, meaning the accurate study of interconnected real phenomena in order to find a definite law and a dynamic cause.
Following Humboldt's idea of nature, an Internet edition of his works must preserve the author’s original intention, retain an awareness of all relevant works, and still adhere to the requirements of scholarly edition.
At the present time, however, the highly unconventional form of his publications has undermined the awareness and a comprehensive study of Humboldt’s works.
Digital libraries should supply dynamic links to sources, maps, images, graphs and relevant texts. New forms of interaction and synthesis between humanistic texts and scientific observation need to be created.
Information technology is the only way to do justice to the broad range of visions, descriptions and the idea of nature of Humboldt’s legacy. It finally leads to virtual research environments as an adequate concept to redesign our digital archives, not only for Humboldt’s documents, but for all interconnected data.
Applied Information Technology opens Virtual Platform for the Legacy of Alexander von Humboldt
(2011)
The Humboldt Digital Library (HDL) is a project that aims to provide digital access to the legacy of Alexander von Humboldt. The HDL runs on an open source library developed in the Hochschule Offenburg and provides a virtual research environment in which researchers can work more effectively. This article presents the development made in the HDL to provide alternative ways of content dissemination through the OAI protocol.Through the implemtantion of the OAI-PMH data provider in the HDL, the library is accessibly in many universities and research centers everywhere around the globe.
More than 200 years ago, the scientist Alexander von Humboldt noted in his travel diaries that "everything is interconnectedness", when he was fascinated by nature and the phenomena observed. The view of nature has become much more detailed through the knowledge of phenomena and natural processes, which led to a more precise view of nature shaped by Humboldt. Technological progress and the artificial intelligence of highly developed computer systems are upsetting this view and changing the established world view through a new, unprecedented interaction between man and machinery. Thus we need digital axioms and comprehensive rules and laws for such autonomous acting systems that determine human interaction between cybernetic systems and biological individuals. This digital humanism should encompass our relationship to nature, our handling of the complexity and diversity of nature and the technological influences on society in order to avoid technical colonialism through supercomputers.
Automatic Identification of Travel Locations in Rare Books - Object Oriented Information Management
(2017)
The digital content of the Internet is growing exponentially and mass digitization of printed media opens access to literature, in particular the genre of travel literature from the 18th and 19th century, which consists of diaries or travel books describing routes, observations or inspirations. The identification of described locations in the digital text is a long-standing challenge which requires information technology to supply dynamic links to sources by new forms of interaction and synthesis between humanistic texts and scientific observations.
Using object oriented information technology, a prototype of a software tool is developed which makes it possible to automatically identify geographic locations and travel routes mentioned in rare books. The information objects contain properties such as names and classification codes for populated places, streams, mountains and regions. Together, with the latitudes and longitudes of every single location, it is possible to geo-reference this information in order that all processed and filtered datasets can be displayed by a map application. This method has already been used in the Humboldt Digital Library to present Alexander von Humboldt’s maps and was tested in a case study to prove the correctness and reliability of the automatic identification of locations based on the work of Alexander von Humboldt and Johann Wolfgang von Goethe.
The results reveal numerous errors due to misspellings, change of location names, equality of terms and location names. But on the other hand it becomes very clear that results of the automatic object detection and recognition can be improved by error-free and comprehensive sources. As a result an increase in quality and usability of the service can be expected, accompanied by more options to detect unknown locations in the descriptions of rare books.
Digital libraries are providing an increasing amount of data, which is normally structured in a classical way by documents and described by metadata as keywords. The data, even in scientific systems such as digital libraries and virtual research environments, will contain a great amount of noise or information unnecessary for our personal interests. Although there has been a lot of progress in the field of information retrieval, search techniques and other content finding methods, there is still much to be done in the field of information retrieval based on user behavior. This paper presents an approach deployed in the Humboldt Digital Library (HDL) to facilitate the retrieval of relevant information to the users of the system, making recommendations of paragraphs based on their profile and the behavior of other users who share similar profiles. The Humboldt digital library represents an innovative system of open access to the legacy of Alexander von Humboldt in a digital form on the Internet (www.avhumboldt.net). It contributes to the key question, how to present interconnected data in a proper form using information technologies.
Das Verbundprojekt GEO.Cool von Partnern im Landesforschungszentrum Geothermie (LFZG) hat zum Ziel, Möglichkeiten sowie Grenzen der Kühlung mit oberflächennaher Geothermie in interdisziplinärer Arbeit zu erheben und daraus Impulse für Innovationen in diesem Bereich zu gewinnen.
Das Vorhaben ist in die folgenden sechs Arbeitspakete (AP) gegliedert:
AP 1: Bedarfe und Systemaspekte
AP 2: Systemtechnik und Planung von Anlagen zur Kühlung mit oberflächennaher Ge-othermie
AP 3: Analyse von Best-Practice-Beispielen
AP 4: Thermisches und hydrogeologisches Verhalten des Untergrunds
AP 5: Genehmigungspraxis und Grenzwerte
AP 6: Synopse, Innovationspotenzial und Transfer.
Das Projekt hat eine Laufzeit vom 23.01.2017 bis zum 30.09.2019 (Förderzeitraum für alle Arbeitspakete und Projektpartner).
In dem durchgeführten Verbundvorhaben arbeiteten zum einen die Fachgebiete Geologie/Geothermie sowie Anlagen- und Systemtechnik von geothermischer Kältegewinnung und Kältenutzung der Projektpartner interdisziplinär zusammen, um den aktuellen Wissensstand der Kühlung mittels oberflächennaher Geothermie fachübergreifend zu erfassen, zu bewerten und Schnittstellenprobleme zu bearbeiten. Aus dieser interdisziplinären Betrachtungsweise wurden ganzheitliche Hinweise zur Optimierung des geothermischen Kühlpotenzials sowie Anstöße für technische und planerische Innovationen für die Praxis entwickelt und in diese transferiert.
Zu folgenden Zielen wurden Beiträge erarbeitet:
- Steigerung der Energieeffizienz der Kühlung und Kältebereitstellung
- Nutzung regenerativer Energien zur Kühlung und Kältebereitstellung
- Begrenzung der thermischen Belastung des Untergrunds und des Grundwassers
- Minimierung der Schäden und Risiken durch den Eingriff in den Untergrund
Geothermal Energy in Germany
(2009)
Die geothermischen Energieressourcen im Oberrheingebiet rücken immer mehr in den Brennpunkt für eine nachhaltige Energieversorgung. Um die Grundlagen und Potenziale dieser Energiequelle darzustellen, wurde ein E-Learning-Seminar „Geothermie kompakt – online lernen“ entwickelt, das erstmalig im Rahmen der Messe GeoTHERM 2008 in Offenburg als „Virtuelles Klassenzimmer“ präsentiert wurde. Die Inhalte des Kurses und das Lernmaterial wurden in kooperativer Zusammenarbeit der Autoren nach wissenschaftlichen Methoden und pädagogischen Erkenntnissen zum E-Learning erarbeitet. Der Moodle- Kurs thematisiert die Grundlagen der Geothermie, wobei speziell auf Fragen nach der Art der geothermischen Ressourcen und deren Nutzungsmöglichkeiten eingegangen wird. Die Kursmodule wurden so konzipiert, dass sie als Lehrmaterial für Lehrende wie Lernende verwendbar sind.