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Industrie 4.0 bedeutet nicht nur einen Wandel der technischen Möglichkeiten und Arbeitsbedingungen, sondern auch einen Bedarf an neuen, sich kontinuierlich weiterentwickelnden Kompetenzen und die Bereitschaft der Beschäftigten, Veränderungen mitzugestalten. Spielerische Ansätze der Kompetenzentwicklung können v.a. bei weiterbildungsfernen Mitarbeitern hilfreich sein, um das komplexe Thema verständlich zu vermitteln. Der Beitrag beschreibt ein Seminarkonzept mit integriertem Brettspiel, mit dem Teilnehmer anhand eines fiktiven Unternehmens (Müller GmbH) die Transformation eines Unternehmens in die Industrie 4.0 spielerisch nachvollziehen. Dieses Konzept erweist sich in einer ersten Evaluation als durchaus vielversprechend.
In this paper a practical way for fatigue life prediction of rubber products under multiaxial loads is shown. This is done by means of fracture mechanical concepts and the energy release rate as the failure criterion. Due to a FEA post-processor the potential energy release rate might be calculated at every material point supposed there was a crack. And therefore the risk of failure and with the help of a strain number curve the time to fatigue is able to be calculated by FEA. This concept is applied for an estimation of the life time of a test specimen with tensile loading from fatigue data of a shear loaded specimen of different design. This rather more theoretical concept of the energy release rate is complemented by experimental crack growth data by a Tear Fatigue Analyzer with its great advantage of reduction of testing time and costs compared to those of fatigue tests. For some materials a thorough characterization of crack growth and fatigue behavior is presented and is applied to estimate the time to fatigue by FEA for a real component under multiaxial loads.
There are additional long-term effects which also change the micro-structure of the polymer network and consequently the effective number of polymer chains in the material. These effects are summarized by ageing processes and will be used in the following to explain the basic assumptions of the model which can be generalized to simulate the viscous behaviour of the material. An implementation of these concepts into FEM codes is straightforward and has been carried out to the solver ABAQUS, Baaser & Ziegler (2006), Baaser et al. (2009).
Durch eine stetige Preissteigerung der fossilen Energieträger werden auch im Bereich der mobilen Arbeitsmaschinen neben einer hohen Zuverlässig u.a. Forderungen nach steigenden Gesamtwirkungsgraden, mit der hierdurch einhergehenden Energieeffizienz, forciert. Auch bei mobilen Arbeitsmaschinen ist der häufig eingeschränkt zur Verfügung stehende Bauraum für Traktionsantriebe eine Herausforderung. Ziel dieser Veröffentlichung ist ein allgemeingültiger Vergleich verschiedener elektrischer Antriebsarten als Traktionsantrieb für mobile Arbeitsmaschinen.
A system for the on-line/in-line measurement of soot particle sizes and concentrations in the undiluted exhaust gas of diesel engines was developed and successfully tested. The unit uses the individual attenuations of three different laser wavelengths and is combined with an optical cell (white principle) with adjustable path lengths from 2.5 to 15 meters.
Having 22 GW of nominal power installed Germany is the leading nation in wind energy conversion. While the number of suitable installation sites ashore is limited, and the average windspeed and thus the utilization level offshore is significantly higher, more and more offshore wind farms are planned. In order to reduce the cost of building the foundations and of connecting the wind turbines to the power grid, the single plant is designed as powerful as possible and therefore the components become huge and weighty. For instance: In order to lift the nacelle with around 500 tons of weight up on the tower - which can be up to 120 m above the water level - at the time special ships and cranes are designed and built. But those firstly will be very expensive and secondly will be available only on a limited scale. Hence the installation cost of those huge wind turbines significantly influence the rentability of a wind farm. Against this background a joint research project supported by the German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety (BMU) was started comprising the project partners Ed. Züblin AG, Berg-idl GmbH (an engineering company and a maker of special purpose machines in Altlußheim, Germany), the IPEK (institute for product development) at the university of Karlsruhe and the Hochschule Offenburg, university of applied science. Project target is the conceptual design of a heavy-duty elevator, which can be used to install the tower segments and the nacelle of a wind turbine offshore without a crane. The most relevant challenges in this context result of holding up extreme loads by means of comparatively filigree carrying structures. The paper shows some examples of structural analysis and optimization work accomplished during the project. For the structural analysis of the heavy loaded components ANSYS workbench was used. The development process was also supported by optimization tools like TOSCA and OPTIMUS. The linking of the FE solver and the optimizer provides important hints concerning improvement of the topology and the dimensions of the components. Examples of designs illustrate the development process and the methods applied.