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This Master's Thesis discusses intelligent sensor networks considering autonomous sensor placement strategies and system health management. Sensor networks for an intelligent system design process have been researched recently. These networks consist of a distributed collective of sensing units, each with the abilities of individual sensing and computation. Such systems can be capable of self-deployment and must be scalable, long-lived and robust. With distributed sensor networks, intelligent sensor placement for system design and online system health management are attractive areas of research. Distributed sensor networks also cause optimization problems, such as decentralized control, system robustness and maximization of coverage in a distributed system. This also includes the discovery and analysis of points of interest within an environment. The purpose of this study was to investigate a method to control sensor placement in a world with several sources and multiple types of information autonomously. This includes both controlling the movement of sensor units and filtering of the gathered information depending on individual properties to increase system performance, defined as a good coverage. Additionally, online system health management was examined in this study regarding the case of agent failures and autonomous policy reconfiguration if sensors are added to or removed from the system. Two different solution strategies were devised, one where the environment was fully observable, and one with only partial observability. Both strategies use evolutionary algorithms based on artificial neural networks for developing control policies. For performance measurement and policy evaluation, different multiagent objective functions were investigated. The results of the study show that in the case of a world with multiple types of information, individual control strategies performed best because of their abilities to control the movement of a sensor entity and to filter the sensed information. This also includes system robustness in case of sensor failures where other sensing units must recover system performance. Additionally, autonomous policy reconfiguration after adding or removing of sensor agents was successful. This highlights that intelligent sensor agents are able to adapt their individual control policies considering new circumstances.
Termination of atrial flutter (AFL) is not possible in all AFL patients (P) with transesophageal left atrial pacing (TLAP) with undirected electrical pacing field (EPF) and high atrial pacing threshold. Purpose of the study was to evaluate bipo-lar transesophageal left atrial electrocardiography (TLAE) and TLAP with directed EPF for evaluation and termination of AFL with and without simultaneous transesophageal echocardiography (TEE).
Methods: AFL P were analysed using either a TO electrode with one cylindrical (CE) and three or seven hemispherical electrodes (HE) or TEE electrode with four HE (Osypka, Rheinfelden, Germany). Burst TLAP cycle length was between 200msand 50ms.
Results: AFL cycle length was 233±30 ms with mean ventricular cycle length of 540±149 ms. AFL could be terminated by rapid bipolar TLAP with directed EPF using HE-HE and CE-HE with induction of atrial fibrillation (AF), induction of AF and spontaneous conversion to sinus rhythm and direct conversion to sinus rhythm. Directed EPF was simulated with finite element method.
Conclusions: AFL can be evaluated by bipolar TLAE. AFL can be terminated with rapid TLAP with directed EPF with and without simultaneous TEE. Bipolar TLAE with rapid TLAP is a safe, simple and useful method for evaluation and termination of AFL.
Cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) with biventricular pacing (BV) is an established therapy for heart failure (HF) patients with interventricular conduction delay (IVCD). The aim of the study was to evaluate transesophageal IVCD and left ventricular (LV) pacing with directed electrical pacing field (EPF) in HF patients.
Methods: HF patients were analysed with bipolar transesophageal LV electrocardiogram recording and LV pacing with constant voltage stimulus output, 4 ms stimulus duration, distal cylindrical electrode (CE) and seven 6 mm hemispherical electrodes (HE) with 15 mm electrode distance (TO, Dr. Osypka, Rheinfelden, Germany).
Results: LV electrocardiogram recording with HE-HE and CE-HE evaluated a mean IVCD of 79.9 ± 36.7 ms. Directed EPF with CE-HE and HE-HE allowed LV VAT (n=12) and LV D00 pacing (n=5) with a mean effective capture output of 97.35 ± 6.64 V. In 15 responders with IVCD of 87 ± 33 ms arterial pulse pressure (PP) increased from 65 ± 24 mmHg to 79 ± 27 mmHg (p < 0.001). EPF was simulated with finite element method.
Conclusions: Transesophageal LV electrocardiography and directed EPF pacing with CE and HE allowed the evaluation of IVCD and PP to select patients for BV pacing.
“Today’s network landscape consists of quite different network technologies, wide range of end-devices with large scale of capabilities and power, and immense quantity of information and data represented in different formats” [9]. A lot of efforts are being done in order to establish open, scalable and seamless integration of various technologies and content presentation for different devices including mobile considering individual situation of the end user. This is very difficult because various kinds of devices used by different users or in different times/parallel by the same user which is not predictable and have to be recognized by the system in order to know device capabilities. Not only the devices but also Content and User Interfaces are big issues because they could include different kinds of data format like text, image, audio, video, 3D Virtual Reality data and upcoming other formats. Language Learning Game (LLG) is such an example of a device independent application where different kinds of devices and data formats, as a content of a flashcard is used for a collaborative learning. The idea of this game is to create a short story in a foreign language by using mobile devices. The story is developed by a group of participants by exchanging sentences/data via a flashcard system. This way the participants can learn from each other by knowledge sharing without fear of making mistakes because the group members are anonymous. Moreover they do not need a constant support from a teacher.
The application relates to an electronic pill for dispensing a substance, in particular a drug, in a human or animal body in a controllable manner, said electronic pill having a housing (3) in which the substance (17) to be dispensed is accommodated and in which a dispensing opening (47) for dispensing the substance (17) is provided, wherein the substance (17) can be subjected to a predetermined pressure in order to be dispensed from the housing (3), having an electronic control unit (53, 59, 61, 63), and having a valve unit (33) which is arranged in the course of a dispensing path and can be moved from an open position to a closed position by the control unit (53, 59, 61, 63). In the housing (3), a throttle section (45) is provided in the course of the dispensing path for the substance (17) to be dispensed.
The invention relates to a multi railed track vehicle, designed with a conducting connection of pairs of rails with a connection resistance reducing agent for reducing the connection resistance to the rail. According to the invention, the connection resistance reducing agent is designed to generate arcs between at least one rail and the track vehicle.
The idea of this game is to use a flashcard system to create a short story in a foreign language. The story is developed by a group of participants by exchanging sentences via a flashcard system. This way the participants can learn from each other by knowledge sharing without fear of making mistakes because the group members are anonymous. Moreover they do not need a constant support from a teacher.
Mobile learning (m-learning) can be considered as a new paradigm of e-learning. The developed solution enables the presentation of animations and 3D virtual reality (VR) on mobile devices and is well suited for mobile learning. Difficult relations in physics as well as intricate experiments in optics can be visualised on mobile devices without need for a personal computer. By outsourcing the computational power to a server, the coverage is worldwide.
Under a grant of the German ProInno program („Erhöhung der Innovationskompetenz mittelständischer Unternehmen“)the Hochschule Offenburg participated during the past 2 years in an industry project prototyping a new type of service for modern Air Traffic Control (ATC) applications.<br> Objective of the project has been the joint development of hardware and software components for a so-called TIS-B (Traffic Information System - Broadcast) support infrastructure to enable new cockpit applications increasing the air situation awareness for pilots of commercial airliners [1]. At the core of the project is a space-time-scheduler, controlling a battery of TIS-B groundstations over a Wide Area Surveillance Network [4].<br> The project has been successfully concluded and is currently in its evaluation phase. Industry partner was the Karlsruhe-located company COMSOFT, international market leader in ATC sensor networks.
This paper describes the magmaOffenburg 3D simulation team trying to qualify for RoboCup 2010. While last year’s TDP focused on decisions making using extended behavior networks and on its software architecture and implementation in this year we describe the tool set that was created for RoboCup 3D. It contians a GUI for agent- and world state visualization, for evaluation of localization algorithms and benchmarks in general, a visual editor for Extended Behavior Networks creation and debugging, a live movement tool to interact with the joints and finally a tool for editing behavior motor files.