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This thesis deals with the creation of a cross-platform application using Xamarin.Forms. The cross-platform application will cover three different platforms android, iOS, and UWP.
The application is the first concept of a possible feature for a companion application for LS telcom. There, the user can identify cell antennas using a map-view and a camera-view making the application an augmented reality application. Thus, the user can search for a specific cell and access various information that he would not be able to see with his eyes like for example the frequency of the transmitting cells.
The cell data is generated from three different sources, Cartoradio, OpenCelliD, and the LS telcom databrowser. Eventually, the decision was taken, that the main source should be the LS telcom databrowser which has multiple advantages over the other cell sources.
The cells on the map-view are placed using the extracted coordinates from the source data. However, the cells on the camera-view are placed with complex calculations using different formulas like the Haversine formula to calculate the distance between the cell and the user and the bearing to calculate the angle between the cell and the user. Various settings will allow the user to personalize the application according to his wishes.
If the current situation could be described in one word, it would be ‘uncertainty’. In times of global crisis, it is important to support the economy to keep businesses alive. Therefore, this paper shows the Finnish government measures and how exporters can benefit from them. Looking in particular at the maritime sector, the research pointed out that there were not that many specific measures for exporters and shipbuilders. This essay detected that the provided measures are suitable for the needs of the affected companies and are an effective instrument by the government to stabilise the industry. This is proved by the number of companies taking advantage of these loans, grants and guarantees. Due to the already mentioned uncertainty, it remains unclear how measures have to be adjusted in the future.
Communication protocols enable information exchange between different information systems. If protocol descriptions for these systems are not available, they can be reverse-engineered for interoperability or security reasons. This master thesis describes the analysis of such a proprietary binary protocol, named the DVRIP or Dahua private protocol from Dahua Technology. The analysis contains the identification of the DVRIP protocol header format, security mechanisms and vulnerabilities inside the protocol implementation. With the revealing insights of the protocol, an increase of the overall security is achieved. This thesis builds the foundation for further targeted security analyses.
Annotated training data is essential for supervised learning methods. Human annotation is costly and laborsome especially if a dataset consists of hundreds of thousands of samples and annotators need to be hired. Crowdsourcing emerged as a solution that makes it easier to get access to large amounts of human annotators. Introducing paid external annotators however introduces malevolent annotations, both intentional and unintentional. Both forms of malevolent annotations have negative effects on further usage of the data and can be summarized as spam. This work explores different approaches to post-hoc detection of spamming users and which kinds of spam can be detected by them. A manual annotation checking process resulted in the creation of a small user spam dataset which is used in this thesis. Finally an outlook for future improvements of these approaches will be made.
The status quo of PROFINET, a commonly used industrial Ethernet standard, provides no inherent security in its communication protocols. In this thesis an approach for protecting real-time PROFINET RTC messages against spoofing, tampering and optionally information disclosure is specified and implemented into a real-world prototype setup. Therefor authenticated encryption is used, which relies on symmetric cipher schemes. In addition a procedure to update the used symmetric encryption key in a bumpless manner, e.g. without interrupting the real-time communication, is introduced and realized.
The concept for protecting the PROFINET RTC messages was developed in collaboration with a task group within the security working group of PROFINET International. The author of this thesis has also been part of that task group. This thesis contributes by proofing the practicability of the concept in a real-world prototype setup, which consists of three FPGA-based development boards that communicate with each other to showcase bumpless key updates.
To enable a bumpless key update without disturbing the deterministic real-time traffic by dedicated messages, the key update annunciation and status is embedded into the header. By provisioning two key slots, of which only one is in used, while the other is being prepared, a well-synchronized coordinated switch between the receiver and the sender performs the key update.
The developed prototype setup allows to test the concept and builds the foundation for further research and implementation activities, e.g. the impact of cryptographic operations onto the processing time.
In the field of network security, the detection of intrusions is an important task to prevent and analyse attacks.
In recent years, an increasing number of works have been published on this subject, which perform this detection based on machine learning techniques.
Thereby not only the well-studied detection of intrusions, but also the real-time capability must be considered.
This thesis addresses the real-time functionality of machine learning based network intrusion detection.
For this purpose we introduce the network feature generator library PyNetFlowGen, which is designed to allow real-time processing of network data.
This library generates 83 statistical features based on reassembled data flows.
The introduced performant Cython implementation allows processing individual packets within 4.58 microseconds.
Based on the generated features, machine learning models were examined with regard to their runtime and real-time capabilities.
The selected Decision-Tree-Classifier model created in Python was further optimised by transpiling it into C-Code, what reduced the prediction time of a single sample to 3.96 microseconds on average.
Based on the feature generator and the machine learning model, an basic IDS system was implemented, which allows a data throughput between 63.7 Mbit/s and 2.5 Gbit/s.
This seminar paper examines government measures to support export-oriented companies in Belgium. After a short overview of the Belgian economy and the impact of the Covid-19 crisis, the paper introduces the available government measures for exporters. In particular, the role of Credendo as a Belgian export-credit insurance company will be discussed, and its measures will be examined in more detail. In addition, federal measures of the Belgian government will be identified, and a summary of the most important regional measures will be provided. The entirety of government measures available to export-oriented companies will be reviewed and options for the future activities of export-oriented companies will be pointed out.
The COVID-19 pandemic has the global economy under control. This paper deals with the economic consequences in Germany and shows the measures taken by the German government to support especially small and medium-sized export companies. The structure of the German economy and foreign trade promotion are explained as a basis. After considering the government's support measures, an evaluation of country comparisons shows that there is still potential for further measures, especially in direct lending and debt moratorium. The analysis is based on quantitative data from surveys and qualitative results from interviews with relevant ministries and market participants as well as recent publications.
The coronavirus affects the strongly export-oriented Swiss economy in a situation where political and economic developments are already making the cross-border exchange of goods and services difficult. For this reason, the question arises of how Switzerland can maintain or strengthen its position in global competition in the export business during an unprecedented period of crisis such as the current one.
In order to find an answer to this question, this paper critically examines the existing government support measures for Swiss exporters in times of COVID-19. The fact that Switzerland has so far not taken any specific support measures for exporters raises the actual research question of whether there is a specific necessity and demand for a special export promotion. To answer this research question, various expert opinions are compared and overall conclusions are drawn. By rapidly introducing and adapting the already existing instruments – liquidity assistance and an expansion of short-time work benefits – the federal government was able to ensure the survival of many companies. According to the authors of this paper, this focus of government support in times of crisis is just right for a small national economy in the short term and therefore preferable to a specific support of exporters. Nevertheless, given the high relative importance of foreign trade for Switzerland’s overall economic performance, there can be no recovery of national economy without a recovery of foreign trade.
This paper gives an overview of the impact that the corona pandemic has on the export industry in Canada and analyzes the different Canadian government measures for exporters. In addition, the measures are subsequently evaluated in order to identify if the support measures can help Canadian exporters to overcome the crisis. The basis of this paper are semi-structured expert interviews with experts from the financial sector, scientific literature and studies. The results have shown that the COVID-19 pandemic has a major impact on Canada’s export economy and it’s GDP. Trade is only possible to a limited extent, as many borders are closed. The Canadian government reacted with an economic response plan to support Canadian individuals and businesses. This paper depicts and assesses the most eligible measures for export companies.