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Die Auswirkungen der digitalen Transformation werden meist im Kontext von Wirtschaftsunternehmen diskutiert und auf die Blickwinkel Wirtschaft und Technologie fokussiert. Der digitale Wandel hat jedoch auch die Führungsaufgaben in vielen gesellschaftlichen Bereichen verändert, wie am Beispiel Schule und Kommunalverwaltung aufgezeigt wird.
Social Media und die Kommentarmöglichkeiten auf lokalen, redaktionellen digitalen Plattformen sind nicht nur eine Chance für die zielgerichtete Kommunikation von Städten und Gemeinden, sondern auch eine Herausforderung, insbesondere im kontroversen kommunalpolitischen Alltag. Die Dialogmöglichkeiten haben die Möglichkeiten der Bürger*innen gestärkt, sich mit ihren Interessen, Anliegen und Meinungen Gehör zu verschaffen und die von der Verwaltung und den politischen Akteuren gesetzten Themen zu diskutieren und zu hinterfragen. Nicht immer findet hier in der kommunalen Praxis jedoch ein positiver und sachorientierter Dialog statt, so dass es gerade in der Kleinräumigkeit des kommunalen Geschehens auch zu sehr unangenehmen Szenarien kommen kann. Dies beruht dann meist auf einem unterschiedlichen Rollenkonzept der Akteure bis hin zu Abweichungen im Demokratieverständnis. Daher soll hier zunächst das Prinzip der repräsentativen Demokratie in Abgrenzung zu populistischen Rollenverständnissen dargestellt werden, bevor die konkreten Kommunikationsthemen analysiert werden.
Social-Media-Kanäle spielen nicht nur für die Kommunikation von kommunalen Gremien, sondern vor allem im Wahlkampf für kommunale Spitzenämter eine besondere Rolle und erfordern die Berücksichtigung der Grundsätze authentischer Kommunikation.
Bevor man der Frage nachgeht, wie und in welcher Form am besten unterschiedliche Social-Media-Kanäle für die Kommunikation kommunaler Themen eingesetzt werden und somit ein wirksames Tool für die Interaktion der Kommunen mit ihren spezifischen Zielgruppen darstellen können, muss man sich ein paar generelle Gedanken machen, welche Stakeholder und Zielgruppen überhaupt auf diesem Weg bei welchen Themenkategorien erreichbar sind. Gerade aktuelle Fälle wie die Kommunikation während der Corona-Krise zeigen, wie man im Rahmen der Mediaplanung digitale Kanäle in das Gesamtspektrum der Kommunikationskanäle einordnen kann.
Medienmarketing-Controlling
(2021)
Dieses Kapitel beschäftigt sich mit dem Controlling im Rahmen des Medienmarketings und zeigt damit die Strukturen auf, mit denen im Medienunternehmen Marketingprozesse verankert sind und nach welchen Zielgruppen, Märkten und Kennzahlen die Steuerung dieser Marketingaufgaben erfolgt. In Medienunternehmen ist Marketing in der Regel einer der erfolgsentscheidenden Funktionsbereiche, der daher einer detaillierten und permanenten Begleitung und Steuerung nicht nur durch die Fachinstanzen, sondern auch durch das Top-Management bedarf. Gleichzeitig sind Medienunternehmen in vielen Fällen auch publizistische Unternehmen, die neben der kennzahlenorientierten Ausrichtung an den Markt- und Kundenbedürfnissen einer inhaltlichen Leitidee folgen und dadurch in vielen Fällen erst in der Lage sind, tatsächlich neue und überdurchschnittlich erfolgreiche Produkte zu etablieren. Zugleich wird es seit der Jahrtausendwende durch die Transformation und Disruption der Medienmärkte zunehmend schwieriger, Marktsegmente und Medienunternehmen von anderen Branchensegmenten abzugrenzen. Die medienökonomischen Besonderheiten führen zu einer Steigerung der Marktdynamik (beispielsweise durch die Interdependenz von Werbe- und Rezipientenmarkt), sodass den unterschiedlichen Performance-Kennziffern in den vier Hauptfeldern des klassischen Marketingmixes hier eine besondere Bedeutung zukommt.
Medienmarketing
(2006)
Nowadays, the wide majority of Europeans uses smartphones. However, touch displays are still not accessible by everyone. Individuals with deafblindness, for example, often face difculties in accessing vision-based touchscreens. Moreover, they typically have few fnancial resources which increases the need for customizable, low-cost assistive devices. In this work-in-progress, we present four prototypes made from low-cost, every-day materials, that make modern pattern lock mechanisms more accessible to individuals with vision impairments or even with deafblindness. Two out of four prototypes turned out to be functional tactile overlays for accessing digital 4-by-4 grids that are regularly used to encode dynamic dot patterns. In future work, we will conduct a user study investigating whether these two prototypes can make dot-based pattern lock mechanisms more accessible for individuals with visual impairments or deafblindness.
In short-reach connections, large-diameter multimode fibres allow for robust and easy connections. Unfortunately, their propagation properties depend on the excitation conditions. We propose a launching technique using a fibre stub that can tolerate fabrication tolerances in terms of tilts and off-sets to a large extent. A study of the influence of displaced connectors along the transmission link shows that the power distributions approach a steady-state power distribution very similar to the initial distribution established by the proposed launching scheme.
Member Lens
(2013)
Optical Möbius Strip
(2011)
After Image
(2013)
The University for Children is a very successful event aiming to spark children‧s interest in science, in this particular lecture in Optics and Photonics. It is from brain research that we know about the significant dependence of successful learning on the fun factor. Researchers in this field have shown that knowledge acquired with fun is stored for a longer time in the long-term memory and can be used both more efficiently and more creatively [1], [2]. Such an opportunity to inspire the young generation for science must not be wasted. The world of Photonics and Optics provides us with a nearly inexhaustible source of opportunities of this kind.
This paper focuses on the effects of differential mode delay (DMD) on the bandwidth of multimode optical fibres. First an analytical solution for the computation of the differential mode time delay is presented. The electrical field of each mode is calculated by the numerical solution of the Helmholtz equation. Based on this solution the modal power distribution as well as the fibre's impulse response under different launching conditions can be obtained.
Next, the refractive-index profile of two fibres is modelled on the basis of DMD measurements. It is shown that these measurements provide enough information to predict the fibre's propagation characteristics under different launch conditions (excitation conditions).
The United Nations have declared 2015 as the International Year of Light (IYL2015) and light-based technologies [1]. As a main result, the public interest is focused on both the achievements and the new frontiers of optics and photonics. This opens up new perspectives in the teaching and training of optics and photonics. In the first part of the paper, the author presents the numerous anniversaries occurring in the International Year of Light 2015 together with their importance to the development of science and technology. In the second part, we report on an interactive video projection at the opening ceremony of the IYL2015 in Paris on January 19-20, 2015. Students of Offenburg University have established an interactive video projection which visualizes Twitter and Facebook messages posted with the hashtag #iyl2015 in a mapping technique. Thus, the worldwide community can be interactively part of the opening ceremony. Finally, upcoming global community projects related to optics and astronomy events are presented.
Photonics meet digital art
(2014)
The paper focuses on the work of an interdisciplinary project between photonics and digital art. The result is a poster collection dedicated to the International Year of Light 2015. In addition, an internet platform was created that presents the project. It can be accessed at http://www.magic-of-light.org/iyl2015/index.htm. From the idea to the final realization, milestones with tasks and steps will be presented in the paper. As an interdisciplinary project, students from technological degree programs were involved as well as art program students. The 2015 Anniversaries: Alhazen (1015), De Caus (1615), Fresnel (1815), Maxwell (1865), Einstein (1905), Penzias Wilson, Kao (1965) and their milestone contributions in optics and photonics will be highlighted.
Theoretical details about optics and photonics are not common knowledge nowadays. Physicists are keen to scientifically explain ‘light,’ which has a huge impact on our lives. It is necessary to examine it from multiple perspectives and to make the knowledge accessible to the public in an interdisciplinary, scientifically well-grounded and appealing medial way. To allow an information exchange on a global scale, our project “Invisible Light” establishes a worldwide accessible platform. Its contents will not be created by a single instance, but user-generated, with the help of the global community. The article describes the infotainment portal “Invisible Light,” which stores scientific articles about light and photonics and makes them accessible worldwide. All articles are tagged with geo-coordinates, so they can be clearly identified and localized. A smartphone application is used for visualization, transmitting the information to users in real time by means of an augmented reality application. Scientific information is made accessible for a broad audience and in an attractive manner.
The paper focuses on a numerical model which describes the radial temperature evolution in an optical fiber during the heating and cooling process according to the SP1 approximation. Based on this model, experimental methods for temperature measurement with optical fibers and for splice process optimization can be developed.
In the brain-cell microenvironment, diffusion plays an important role: apart from delivering glucose and oxygen from the vascular system to brain cells, it also moves informational substances between cells. The brain is an extremely complex structure of interwoven, intercommunicating cells, but recent theoretical and experimental works showed that the classical laws of diffusion, cast in the framework of porous media theory, can deliver an accurate quantitative description of the way molecules are transported through this tissue. The mathematical modeling and the numerical simulations are successfully applied in the investigation of diffusion processes in tissues, replacing the costly laboratory investigations. Nevertheless, modeling must rely on highly accurate information regarding the main parameters (tortuosity, volume fraction) which characterize the tissue, obtained by structural and functional imaging. The usual techniques to measure the diffusion mechanism in brain tissue are the radiotracer method, the real time iontophoretic method and integrative optical imaging using fluorescence microscopy. A promising technique for obtaining the values for characteristic parameters of the transport equation is the direct optical investigation using optical fibers. The analysis of these parameters also reveals how the local geometry of the brain changes with time or under pathological conditions. This paper presents a set of computations concerning the mass transport inside the brain tissue, for different types of cells. By measuring the time evolution of the concentration profile of an injected substance and using suitable fitting procedures, the main parameters characterizing the tissue can be determined. This type of analysis could be an important tool in understanding the functional mechanisms of effective drug delivery in complex structures such as the brain tissue. It also offers possibilities to realize optical imaging methods for in vitro and in vivo measurements using optical fibers. The model also may help in radiotracer biomarker models for the understanding of the mechanism of action of new chemical entities.
We present our twenty years of experience in the live broadcasting of astronomical events, with the main focus on total lunar eclipses. Our efforts were motivated by the great impact and high number of viewers of these events. Visitors from over a hundred countries watched our live broadcasts. Our viewer record was set on July 27, 2018, with the live transmission of the total lunar eclipse from the Feldberg, the highest mountain in the Black Forest, attracting nearly half a million viewers in five hours.
An especially challenging activity was the live observing of the Mercury transit on 9 May 2016, which we presented as ‘live astronomy’ with hands-on telescope. The main goal of this event was to awake our students enthusiasm for optics and astronomy.
Furthermore, we report on our experiences with the photography of optical phenomena such as polar lights and green flash.
Art and Photonics
(2019)
In this paper we report on our continuous efforts to apply optics and photonics in art. This results in interdisciplinary projects which sometimes lead to concrete art installations.
We presented some of these projects at the UNESCO headquarters in Paris, at the opening ceremony of the International Year of Light and the inaugural ceremony of the International Day of Light.
Some newer projects, such as “A Maze: Ingenious Pipes” and “The Power of Your Eyes,” are also presented in this paper.
After the successful International Year of Light 2015, the idea of sustainability became increasingly imminent. After a preparatory year on 16 May 2018, the International Day of Light was launched for the first time. This event was celebrated with a public celebration in Paris at the UNESCO headquarters. In this paper we will present our projects dedicated to the International Day of Light in Paris. Together with a group of students from our university, we had the special opportunity to be integrated in the program of the opening ceremony at UNESCO in Paris. With our interdisciplinary projects we have tried to build a bridge between optics, photonics, art and media installations.
Astronomical phenomena fascinate people from the very beginning of mankind up to today. In this paper the authors will present their experience with photography of astronomical events. The main focus will be on aurora borealis, comet Neowise, total lunar eclipses and how mobile devices open up new possibilities to observe the green flash. Our efforts were motivated by the great impact and high number of viewers of these events. Visitors from over a hundred countries watched our live broadcasts.
Furthermore, we report on our experiences with the photography of optical phenomena such as polar lights Fig. 1, comet Neowise with a Delta Aquariids meteor Fig. 11, and lunar eclipses Fig. 12.
The International Year of Light and Light-Based Technologies 2015 (IYL 2015) was celebrated around the world. Worldwide activities were organized to highlight the impact of optics and photonics on life, science, economics, arts and culture, and also in education. With most of our activities at Offenburg University of Applied Sciences (Offenburg/Germany), we reached our own students and the general population of our region: - University for Children: “The Magic of Light“ winter lecture program and “Across the Universe with Relativity and Quantum Theory” summer lecture program - “Students Meet Scientists” - “A Century of General Relativity Theory” lecture program Nevertheless, with some of our activities we also engaged a worldwide audience: - IYL 2015 art poster collection (Magic of Light and No Football, Just Photonics) - Smart Interactive Projection - Twitter Wall - “Invisible Light” - Live broadcasting of the total lunar eclipse - Film Festival Merida Mexico The authors will highlight recent activities at our university dedicated to promote, celebrate, and create a legacy for the IYL 2015.
Our university carries out various research projects. Among others, the project Schluckspecht is an interdisciplinary work on different ultra-efficient car concepts for international contests. Besides the engineering work, one part of the project deals with real-time data visualization. In order to increase the efficiency of the vehicle, an online monitoring of the runtime parameters is necessary. The driving parameters of the vehicle are transmitted to a processing station via a wireless network connection. We plan to use an augmented reality (AR) application to visualize different data on top of the view of the real car. By utilizing a mobile Android or iOS device a user can interactively view various real-time and statistical data. The car and its components are meant to be augmented by various additional information, whereby that information should appear at the correct position of the components. An engine e.g. could show the current rpm and consumption values. A battery on the other hand could show the current charge level. The goal of this paper is to evaluate different possible approaches, their suitability and to expand our application to other projects at our university.
This paper describes the new Sweaty humanoid adult size robot trying to qualify for the RoboCup 2014 adult size humanoid competition. The robot is built from scratch to eventually allow it to run. One characteristic is that to prevent the motors from overheating, water evaporation is used for cooling. The robot is literally sweating which has given it its name. Another characteristic is, that the motors are not directly connected to the frame but by means of beams. This allows a variable transmission ratio depending on the angle.
Corporate Governance
(2018)
Risikomanagement
(2018)
Big Data Governance
(2018)
Smart Cities und Big Data
(2019)
Zusammenfassung und Fazit
(2019)
Die Digitalisierung zeigt Auswirkungen auch auf die moderne Konzeption von Städten. Unter der Bezeichnung Smart City entwickeln die Verantwortlichen zusammen mit den Stadtplanern und Experten Plattformen, die nicht nur die internen Verwaltungsabläufe, sondern auch die Beziehung zu und das Miteinander zwischen den Stakeholdern einer Stadt verbessern sollen. Dabei entstehen integrative Konzepte, die die City-Governance, Organisation und Technologie bündeln und auf eine einheitliche Zielerreichung hin ausrichten. Im Anschluss an die generische Entwicklung einer Smart City behandelt der Beitrag die spanische Stadt Barcelona als Beispiel für eine entsprechende Umsetzung. Am Ende werden die Chancen und Risiken dieses Konzeptes zusammenfassend gewürdigt.
Sharing Economy
(2019)
Unternehmerische Resilienz
(2019)
Eine etwas andere Einleitung
(2019)
Not only is the number of new devices constantly increasing, but so is their application complexity and power. Most of their applications are in optics, photonics, acoustic and mobile devices. Working speed and functionality is achieved in most of media devices by strategic use of digital signal processors and microcontrollers of the new generation. Considering all these premises of media development dynamics, the authors present how to integrate microcontrollers and digital signal processors in the curricula of media technology lectures by using adequate content. This also includes interdisciplinary content that consists of using the acquired knowledge in media software. These entries offer a deeper understanding of photonics, acoustics and media engineering.
Internet-Auktionsvertrag
(2020)
Anmerkung zu ArbG Düsseldorf v. 5.3.2020 – 9 Ca 6557/18 – nicht rechtskräftig
Das ArbG Düsseldorf hat einem ehemaligen Arbeitnehmer einen immateriellen Schadensersatz von 5 000 Euro wegen einer verspäteten und teilweise unrichtigen datenschutzrechtlichen Auskunft seitens seines vormaligen Arbeitgebers zugesprochen. Der Beitrag setzt sich mit dieser Entscheidung grundsätzlich auseinander.
Beinahe jeder Online-Anbieter wünscht sich ausgiebiges Feedback, also möglichst viele Produktbewertungen, Likes u.Ä. Denn Feedback erzeugt Popularität und diese wiederum bringt neue Kunden. Die lauterkeitsrechtlichen Probleme von Incentives zur Steigerung der Feedback-Rate sind Thema dieses Beitrags.
Am 01.10.2019 beschäftigte sich der EuGH mit der Frage, wann und inwieweit das Setzen von Cookies ohne vorherige Einwilligung des Internet-Nutzers zulässig sein könnte. Das Ergebnis ist für die Werbeindustrie zwar eigentlich nicht überraschend, aber dennoch für diese höchst ärgerlich. Die praktischen Folgen hingegen sind bislang etwas irritierend, hat sich doch die Zahl von Pop-Up-Fenstern immens vervielfacht, was jedoch, wie hier gezeigt wird, zumeist entweder überflüssig oder aber nicht hinreichend ist.