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A recognizable division appears between students with a comprehensive knowledge of the Web and those that are less certain about its resources. This is where, the teaching innovation Web Mentoring: Peer-to-Peer has been developed to help the students to cope better with the demands of media education. Furthermore, this presents the opportunity for master’s degree students to begin mentoring undergraduate students. Mentoring sessions have already been carried out successfully in the previous two semesters and are being presented, evaluated and discussed.
Cardiac resynchronization therapy is an established therapy for heart failure patients with sinus rhythm, reduced left ventricular ejection fraction and prolongation of QRS duration. The aim of the study was to evaluate ventricular desynchronization with electrical interventricular delay (IVD) to left ventricular delay (LVD) ratio in atrial fibrillation heart failure patients. IVD and LVD were measured by transesophageal posterior left ventricular ECG recording. In atrial fibrillation heart failure patients with prolonged QRS duration, the mean IVD-to-LVD-ratio was 0.84 +/- 0.42 with a range from 0.17 to 2.2 IVD-to-LVD-ratio. IVD-to-LVD-ratio correlated with QRS duration. IVD-to-LVD-ratio may be a useful parameter to evaluate electrical ventricular desynchronization in atrial fibrillation heart failure patients.
Using patent information for identification of new product features with high market potential
(2014)
HiSiMo cast irons are frequently used as material for high temperature components in engines as e.g. exhaust manifolds and turbo chargers. These components must withstand severe cyclic mechanical and thermal loads throughout their life cycle. The combination of thermal transients with mechanical load cycles results in a complex evolution of damage, leading to thermomechanical fatigue (TMF) of the material and, after a certain number of loading cycles, to failure of the component. In Part I of the paper, a fracture mechanics model for TMF life prediction was developed based on results of uniaxial tests. In this paper (Part II), the model is formulated for three-dimensional stress states, so that it can be applied in a post-processing step of a finite-element analysis. To obtain reliable stresses and (time dependent plastic) strains in the finite-element calculation, a time and temperature dependent plasticity model is applied which takes non-linear kinematic hardening into account. The material properties of the model are identified from the results of the uniaxial test. The plasticity model and the TMF life model are applied to assess the lifetime of an exhaust manifold.
HiSiMo cast irons are frequently used as material for high temperature components in engines as e.g. exhaust manifolds and turbo chargers. These components must withstand severe cyclic mechanical and thermal loads throughout their service life. The combination of thermal transients with mechanical load cycles results in a complex evolution of damage, leading to thermomechanical fatigue (TMF) of the material and, after a certain number of loading cycles, to failure of the component. In this paper (Part I), the low-cycle fatigue (LCF) and TMF properties of HiSiMo are investigated in uniaxial tests and the damage mechanisms are addressed. On the basis of the experimental results a fatigue life model is developed which is based on elastic, plastic and creep fracture mechanics results of short cracks, so that time and temperature dependent effects on damage are taken into account. The model can be used to estimate the fatigue life of components by means of finite-element calculations (Part II of the paper).
Temperature regulation is an important component for modern high performance single -core and multi-core processors. Especially high operating frequencies and architectures with an increasing number of monolithically integrated transistors result in a high power dissipation and - since processor chips convert the consumed electrical energy into thermal energy - in high operating temperatures. High operating temperatures of processors can have drastic consequences regarding chip reliability, processor performance, and leakage currents. External components like fans or heat spreaders can help to reduce the processor temperature - with the disadvantage of additional costs and reduced reliability. Therefore, software based algorithms for dynamic temperature management are an attractive alternative and well known as Dynamic Thermal Management (DTM). However, the existing approaches for DTM are not taking into account the requirements of real-time embedded computing, which is the objective in the given project. The first steps are the profiling and the thermal modeling of the system, which is reported in this paper for a Freescale i. MX6Q quad-core microprocessor. An analytical model is developed and verified by an extensive set of measurement runs.
This paper describes the new Sweaty humanoid adult size robot trying to qualify for the RoboCup 2014 adult size humanoid competition. The robot is built from scratch to eventually allow it to run. One characteristic is that to prevent the motors from overheating, water evaporation is used for cooling. The robot is literally sweating which has given it its name. Another characteristic is, that the motors are not directly connected to the frame but by means of beams. This allows a variable transmission ratio depending on the angle.
The Internet of Things (IoT), ubiquitous computing and ubiquitous connectivity, Cyber Physical Systems (CPS), ambient intelligence, Machine-to-Machine communication (M2M) or Car-to-Car (C2C)-communication, smart metering, smart grid, telematics, telecare, telehealth – there are many buzzwords around current developments related to the Internet.
This contribution gives an overview on such IoT-applications, as they are already used today to improve the availability of information, increase efficiency, push system limits and extend the value chain. At a closer look, the economic and technical development can be separated into different phases. It is interesting that we are currently at the threshold to a new phase, with decentralized and cooperative communication and control nodes as cornerstones. Thus, embedded systems and their connectivity are in the middle of the scene.
This recent development is described along with some example projects from the author’s team which are used in industrial automation, energy supply and distribution (home automation and smart metering), traffic engineering (cooperative driver assistance systems), and in telehealth and telecare.
The services sector is also called “tertiary sector” and has become increasingly important in the last few decades. The process of this occurring structural change is characterized by a significant increase in employment in the services sector. On the other hand, the former economic importance in traditional areas, such as agriculture and forestry, as well as manufacturing, is declining.
To have an overview it is important to look and to analyse the different research studies.
Both German and French Air-Source Heat Pump (ASHP) markets have been enjoying an overall upwards trend for many years but, nevertheless, they remain merely slightly penetrated. In terms of market players and their share, the French market is aptly diversified, whereas the German one, being utterly dominated by one single manufacturer, is badly in need of some diversification. At the same time Korean ASHP manufacturers are targeting the French but not German ASHP market. The main purpose of the paper is to find out likely reasons for their one-sided engagement, primarily those associated with the ASHP technology and its system-related aspects.
This paper presents the elements and the results from the European research project inCASA (Integrated Network for Completely Assisted Senior Citizen’s Autonomy), which designed and implemented a seamless integration of heterogeneous systems and network protocols for regionally distributed telecare and telehealth applications. The integration includes a multitude of physical interface, the transcoding of data models using embedded middleware, and a backend system with open interfaces. The implementation was verified in field tests in five European countries.
A laser-operated, angle-tunable transducer was employed to excite selectively elastic waves guided along the apex of a solid wedge. The propagation of wedge waves at anisotropic monocrystalline silicon edges with different symmetry properties was studied by optical detection. The reduced symmetry in crystals, as compared to isotropic media, causes a number of new features, such as the existence of supersonic leaky wedge waves, tilted spatial pulse profiles, and other peculiarities of their localization. Experimental and theoretical results are presented for three different types of symmetry configurations: the wedge symmetric about its midplane, the wedge symmetric about the plane normal to its apex line, and the wedge symmetric about one of its faces. The experiments include accurate measurements of the phase velocity and the wave field distribution, providing information on localization and coupling of wedge waves with other waves. Theoretically, the wedge waves were treated by the Laguerre function method, extended to modes that are not localized at the tip of the wedge. This approach allowed an accurate description of the observed localized and leaky wedge waves in anisotropic wedges.
Pure component sorption isotherms of n-butane, isobutane, 1-butene and isobutene on the metal–organic framework (MOF) 3∞[Cu4(μ4-O)(μ2-OH)2(Me2trz-pba)4] at various temperatures between 283 K and 343 K and pressures up to 300 kPa are presented. The isotherms show a stepwise pore filling which is typical for structurally flexible materials with broad adsorption–desorption hysteresis loops. Gate opening pressures in their endemic characteristic depend on the used hydrocarbon gases. From all investigated gases only the isotherms of 1-butene present a second step at a relative pressure above p/p0 = 0.55. As a consequence, only 1-butene can fully open the framework resulting in a pore volume of 0.54 cm3 g−1. This result is in good agreement with the value of 0.59 cm3 g−1 calculated based on single crystal structure data. The isosteric heat of adsorption was calculated from the experimental isotherms for all C4-isomers. At low loadings the isosteric heat is in a narrow region between 41 and 49 kJ mol−1. Moreover, in situ XRD measurements at different relative hydrocarbon pressures were performed at 298 K for the C4-isomers. The differences in the pressure-depending powder diffraction patterns indicate phase transitions as a result of adsorption. Similar diffraction patterns were observed for all C4-hydrocarbons, except 1-butene, where the second step at higher relative pressure (p/p0 > 0.55) is accompanied by an additional phase transition. This powder pattern resembles that of the as-synthesized MOF material containing solvent molecules in the pore system. The resulting structural changes of the material during guest and pressure induced external stimuli are evidenced by the new coupled XRD adsorption equipment.
The process of establishing an industry standard for TRIZ has been initiated: VDI Guideline 4521 will cover TRIZ. Work is going on on the first part of the standard which will define and explain basic TRIZ vocabulary and notions. A first draft of a list of terms has been compiled by V. Souchkov and is currently being discussed at MATRIZ. The standardization committee consists of TRIZ specialists of various degrees together with TRIZ users from industry. It is working in close connection with MATRIZ. In parallel, translations for the elements of TRIZ terminology into several languages are being sought. According to schedule, work on the first part of the standard may be finished by July 2014 and may go into print by the end of the year.
The improvements in the hardware and software of communication devices have allowed running Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) applications on those. Nowadays, it is possible to overlay synthetic information on real images, or even to play 3D on-line games on smart phones or some other mobile devices. Hence the use of 3D data for business and specially for education purposes is ubiquitous. Due to always available at hand and always ready to use properties of mobile phones, those are considered as most potential communication devices. The total numbers of mobile phone users are increasing all over the world every day and that makes mobile phones the most suitable device to reach a huge number of end clients either for education or for business purposes. There are different standards, protocols and specifications to establish the communication among different communication devices but there is no initiative taken so far to make it sure that the send data through this communication process will be understood and used by the destination device. Since all the devices are not able to deal with all kind of 3D data formats and it is also not realistic to have different version of the same data to make it compatible with the destination device, it is necessary to have a prevalent solution. The proposed architecture in this paper describes a device and purpose independent 3D data visibility any time anywhere to the right person in suitable format. There is no solution without limitation. The architecture is implemented in a prototype to make an experimental validation of the architecture which also shows the difference between theory and practice.
Smoothie: a solution for device and content independent applications including 3D imaging as content
(2014)
Network landscape of recent time contains many different network technologies, a wide range of end-devices with a large scale of capabilities and power, and an immense quantity of information represented in different data formats. Research on 3D imaging, virtual reality and holographic techniques will result in new user interfaces (UI) for mobile devices and will increase their diversity and variety. A lot of effort is being made in order to establish open, scalable and seamless integration of various technologies and content presentation for different devices including those that are mobile, considering the individual situation of the end user. Till today the research is going on in different parts of the world but the task is not completed yet. The goal of this research work is to find a way to solve the above stated problems by investigating system architectures to provide unconstrained, continuous and personalized access to the content and interactive applications everywhere and at anytime with different devices. As a Solution of the problem considered, a new architecture named “Smoothie” is proposed.
Private households constitute a considerable share of Europe's electricity consumption. The current electricity distribution system treats them as effectively passive individual units. In the future, however, users of the electricity grid will be involved more actively in the grid operation and can become part of intelligent networked collaborations. They can then contribute the demand and supply flexibility that they dispose of and, as a result, help to better integrate renewable energy in-feed into the distribution grids.
WirelessHART protocol was specifically designed for real-time communication in the wireless sensor networks domain for industrial process automation requirements. Whereas the major purpose of WirelessHART is the read-out of sensors with moderate real-time requirements, an increasing demand for integration of actuator applications can be observed. Therefore, it must be verified that the WirelessHART protocol gives sufficient support to real-time industry requirements. As a result, the delay of especially burst and command messages from actuator and sensor nodes to the gateway and vice versa must be analyzed. In this paper, we implemented a WirelessHART network scenario in WirelessHART simulator in NS-2 [8], simulated and analyzed its time characteristics under ideal and noisy conditions. We evaluated the performance of the implementation in order to verify whether the requirements of industrial process and control can be met. This implementation offers an early alternative to expensive test beds for WirelessHART in real-time actuator applications.