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With economic weight shifting toward net zero, now is the time for ECAs, Exim-Banks, and PRIs to lead. Despite previous success, aligning global economic governance to climate goals requires additional activities across export finance and investment insurance institutions. The new research project initiated by Oxford University, ClimateWorks Foundation, and Mission 2020 including other practitioners and academics from institutions such as Atradius DSB, Columbia University, EDC, FMO and Offenburg University focuses on reshaping future trade and investment governance in light of climate action. The idea of a ‘Berne Union Net Zero Club’ is an important item in a potential package of reforms. This can include realigning mandates and corporate strategies, principles of intervention, as well as ECA, Exim-Bank and PRI operating models in order to accelerate net zero transformation. Full transparency regarding Berne Union members’ activities would be an excellent starting point. We invite all interested parties in the sector to come together to chart our own path to net zero
Partial substitution of Al atoms with Sc in wurtzite AlN crystals increases the piezoelectric constants. This leads to an increased electromechanical coupling, which is required for high bandwidths in piezo-acoustic filters. The crystal bonds in Ah-xScxN (AlScN) are softened as function of Sc atomic percentage x, leading to reduction of phase velocity in the film. Combining high Sc content AlScN films with high velocity substrates favors higher order guided surface acoustic wave (SAW) modes [1]. This study investigates higher order SAW modes in epitaxial AlScN on sapphire (Al2O3). Their dispersion for Pt metallized epitaxial AlScN films on Al2O3was computed for two different propagation directions. Computed phase velocity dispersion branches were experimentally verified by the characterization of fabricated SAW resonators. The results indicated four wave modes for the propagation direction (0°, 0°, 0°), featuring 3D polarized displacement fields. The sensitivity of the wave modes to the elastic constants of AlScN was investigated. It was shown that due to the 3D polarization of the waves, all elastic constants have an influence on the phase velocity and can be measured by suitable weighting functions in material constant extraction procedures.
This work compares the performance of Bluetooth Mesh implementations on real chipsets against the ideal implementation of the specification. Measurements are taken in experimental settings and reveal non-idealities in the underlying Bluetooth Low Energy specification in real chipsets and in the implementation of Mesh, which introduces an unruly transmission as well as reception behavior. These effects lead to an impact on transmission rate, reception rate, latency, as well as a more significant impact on the average power consumption.
Machine learning (ML) has become highly relevant in applications across all industries, and specialists in the field are sought urgently. As it is a highly interdisciplinary field, requiring knowledge in computer science, statistics and the relevant application domain, experts are hard to find. Large corporations can sweep the job market by offering high salaries, which makes the situation for small and medium enterprises (SME) even worse, as they usually lack the capacities both for attracting specialists and for qualifying their own personnel. In order to meet the enormous demand in ML specialists, universities now teach ML in specifically designed degree programs as well as within established programs in science and engineering. While the teaching almost always uses practical examples, these are somewhat artificial or outdated, as real data from real companies is usually not available. The approach reported in this contribution aims to tackle the above challenges in an integrated course, combining three independent aspects: first, teaching key ML concepts to graduate students from a variety of existing degree programs; second, qualifying working professionals from SME for ML; and third, applying ML to real-world problems faced by those SME. The course was carried out in two trial periods within a government-funded project at a university of applied sciences in south-west Germany. The region is dominated by SME many of which are world leaders in their industries. Participants were students from different graduate programs as well as working professionals from several SME based in the region. The first phase of the course (one semester) consists of the fundamental concepts of ML, such as exploratory data analysis, regression, classification, clustering, and deep learning. In this phase, student participants and working professionals were taught in separate tracks. Students attended regular classes and lab sessions (but were also given access to e-learning materials), whereas the professionals learned exclusively in a flipped classroom scenario: they were given access to e-learning units (video lectures and accompanying quizzes) for preparation, while face-to-face sessions were dominated by lab experiments applying the concepts. Prior to the start of the second phase, participating companies were invited to submit real-world problems that they wanted to solve with the help of ML. The second phase consisted of practical ML projects, each tackling one of the problems and worked on by a mixed team of both students and professionals for the period of one semester. The teams were self-organized in the ways they preferred to work (e.g. remote vs. face-to-face collaboration), but also coached by one of the teaching staff. In several plenary meetings, the teams reported on their status as well as challenges and solutions. In both periods, the course was monitored and extensive surveys were carried out. We report on the findings as well as the lessons learned. For instance, while the program was very well-received, professional participants wished for more detailed coverage of theoretical concepts. A challenge faced by several teams during the second phase was a dropout of student members due to upcoming exams in other subjects.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of producing a robot component, particularly a gripper, the method being capable of being applied multi-functionally and shortening a mounting time to a robot.
SOLUTION: A method of producing a robot component, particularly a finger 5, applied to robotics by a three-dimensional printing method of this invention comes not to require other production processes such as attachment of a cover, etc. with a separate sensor or a material (soft, in many cases), etc., by simultaneously printing at least one sensor 7 by multi-material printing while printing the robot component.
A method for 3D printing of a robot element, more particularly a finger for use in robotics. At least one sensor is concomitantly printed by means of multi-material printing during the printing of the robot element. A gripping element produced by a method of this kind includes a number of printed layers of robot element material and a concomitantly printed sensor.
Efficient collaborative robotic applications need a combination of speed and separation monitoring, and power and force limiting operations. While most collaborative robots have built-in sensors for power and force limiting operations, there are none with built-in sensor systems for speed and separation monitoring. This paper proposes a system for speed and separation monitoring directly from the gripper of the robot. It can monitor separation distances of up to three meters. We used single-pixel Time-of-Flight sensors to measure the separation distance between the gripper and the next obstacle perpendicular to it. This is the first system capable of measuring separation distances of up to three meters directly from the robot's gripper.
Additive manufacturing (AM) or 3D printing (3DP) has become a widespread new technology in recent years and is now used in many areas of industry. At the same time, there is an increasing need for training courses that impart the knowledge required for product development in 3D printing. In this article, a workshop on “Rapid Prototyping” is presented, which is intended to provide students with the technical and creative knowledge for product development in the field of AM. Today, additive manufacturing is an important part of teaching for the training of future engineers. In a detailed literature review, the advantages and disadvantages of previous approaches to training students are examined and analyzed. On this basis, a new approach is developed in which the students analyze and optimize a given product in terms of additivie manufacturing. The students use two different 3D printers to complete this task. In this way, the students acquire the skills to work independently with different processes and materials. With this new approach, the students learn to adapt the design to different manufacturing processes and to observe the restrictions of different materials. The results of these courses are evaluated through feedback in a presentation and a questionnaire.
Modern Franciscan Leadership
(2020)
This article combines two important areas of practical theology: Monastic rules and leadership in a cloistral organisation, using the Rule of Saint Francis as a prominent example. The aim of this research is to examine how living Christian tradition in a monastic order affects leadership today, discovering how the Rule and Franciscan spirituality impact managing a convent. The research question is answered within this inductive research applying the methodology of the ‘theology in four voices.’ Based on the results, it is possible to build a coherent leadership system based on Biblical and Franciscan sources.
Financing trade and development sustainably will be crucial for Africa. Enhanced collaboration between multilateral development banks, development finance institutions and ECAs could greatly enhance intra-regional trade. Furthermore, setting up a ‘level playing field’ on the continent will allow governments to make strategic interventions for successful export credits and trade finance solutions, fostering growth through trade. African trade is already showing signs of rebounding from the coronavirus- induced recession. Through concerted, co-operative and continent-wide efforts, drawing on the knowledge and resources of all types of institutions and policy experts, Africa will continue to grow confidently and quickly into its increasingly important role as an engine of economic growth and global trade.
To reach customers by dialog marketing campaigns is more and more difficult. This is a common problem of companies and marketing agencies worldwide: information overload, multi-channel-communication and a confusing variety of offers make it hard to gain the attention of the target group. The contribution of this paper is four-fold: we provide an overview of the current state of print dialog marketing activities and trends (I). Based on this corpus we identify the main key performance indicators of dialog marketing customer interaction (II). A qualitative user experience study identifies the customer wishes and needs, focusing on lottery offers for senior citizens (III). Finally, we evaluate the success of two different dialog marketing campaigns with 20,000 clients and compare the key performance indicators of the original hands-on experience-based print mailings with user experience tested and optimized mailings (IV).
Automotive service suppliers are keen to invent products that help to reduce particulate matter pollution substantial, but governance worldwide are not yet ready to introduce this retrofitting of helpful devices statutory. To develop a strategy how to introduce these devices to the market based on user needs is the objective of our research. The contribution of this paper is three-fold: we will provide an overview of the current options of particulate matter pollution solutions (I). This corpus is used to come to a more precise description of the specific needs and wishes of target groups (II). Finally, a representative empirical study via social media channels with German car owners will help to develop a strategy to introduce retrofit devices into the German market (III).
Laser ultrasound was used to determine dispersion curves of surface acoustic waves on a Si (001) surface covered by AlScN films with a scandium content between 0 and 41%. By including off-symmetry directions for wavevectors, all five independent elastic constants of the film were extracted from the measurements. Results for their dependence on the Sc content are presented and compared to corresponding data in the literature, obtained by alternative experimental methods or by ab-initio calculations.
Time-of-Flight Cameras Enabling Collaborative Robots for Improved Safety in Medical Applications
(2020)
Human-robot collaboration is being used more and more in industry applications and is finding its way into medical applications. Industrial robots that are used for human-robot collaboration, cannot detect obstacles from a distance. This paper introduced the idea of using wireless technology to connect a Time-of-Flight camera to off-the-shelf industrial robots. This way, the robot can detect obstacles up to a distance of five meters. Connecting Time-of-Flight cameras to robots increases the safety in human-robot collaboration by detecting obstacles before a collision. After looking at the state of the art, the authors elaborated the different requirements for such a system. The Time-of-Flight camera from Heptagon is able to work in a range of up to five meters and can connect to the control unit of the robot via a wireless connection.