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Durch die Fortschritte im Bereich der Quantencomputer rückt der Zeitpunkt näher, dass Quantencomputer die bestehenden mathematischen Probleme lösen können, welche in den aktuellen Public-Key-Verschlüsselungsverfahren verwendet werden. Als Reaktion darauf wurde ein Standardisierungsprozess für quantensichere Public-Key-Verschlüsselungsverfahren gestartet. Diese Arbeit analysiert diese und vergleicht sie untereinander, um Stärken und Schwächen der einzelnen Verfahren aufzuzeigen.
On a regular basis, we hear of well-known online services that have been abused or compromised as a result of data theft. Because insecure applications jeopardize users' privacy as well as the reputation of corporations and organizations, they must be effectively secured from the outset of the development process. The limited expertise and experience of involved parties, such as web developers, is frequently cited as a cause of risky programs. Consequently, they rarely have a full picture of the security-related decisions that must be made, nor do they understand how these decisions affect implementation accurately.
The selection of tools and procedures that can best assist a certain situation in order to protect an application against vulnerabilities is a critical decision. Regardless of the level of security that results from adhering to security standards, these factors inadvertently result in web applications that are insufficiently secured. JavaScript is a language that is heavily relied on as a mainstream programming language for web applications with several new JavaScript frameworks being released every year.
JavaScript is used on both the server-side in web applications development and the client-side in web browsers as well.
However, JavaScript web programming is based on a programming style in which the application developer can, and frequently must, automatically integrate various bits of code from third parties. This potent combination has resulted in a situation today where security issues are frequently exploited. These vulnerabilities can compromise an entire server if left unchecked. Even though there are numerous ad hoc security solutions for web browsers, client-side attacks are also popular. The issue is significantly worse on the server side because the security technologies available for server-side JavaScript application frameworks are nearly non-existent.
Consequently, this thesis focuses on the server-side aspect of JavaScript; the development and evaluation of robust server-side security technologies for JavaScript web applications. There is a clear need for robust security technologies and security best practices in server-side JavaScript that allow fine-grained security.
However, more than ever, there is this requirement of reducing the associated risks without hindering the web application in its functionality.
This is the problem that will be tackled in this thesis: the development of secure security practices and robust security technologies for JavaScript web applications, specifically, on the server-side, that offer adequate security guarantees without putting too many constraints on their functionality.
As information technology continues to advance at a rapid speed around the world, new difficulties emerge. The growing number of organizational vulnerabilities is among the most important issues. Finding and mitigating vulnerabilities is critical in order to protect an organization’s environment from multiple attack vectors.
The study investigates and comprehends the complete vulnerability management process from the standpoint of the security officer job role, as well as potential improvements. Few strategies are used to achieve efficient mitigation and the de- velopment of a process for tracking and mitigating vulnerabilities. As a result, a qualitative study is conducted in which the objective is to create a proposed vulner- ability and risk management process, as well as to develop a system for analyzing and tracking vulnerabilities and presenting the vulnerabilities in a graphical dash- board format. This thesis’s data was gathered through an organized literature study as well as through the use of various web resources. We explored numerous ap- proaches to analyze the data, such as categorizing the vulnerabilities every 30, 60, and 90 days to see whether the vulnerabilities were reoccurring or new. According to our findings, tracking vulnerabilities can be advantageous for a security officer.
We come to the conclusion that if an organization has a proper vulnerability tracking system and vulnerability management process, it can aid security officers in having a better understanding of and making plans for reducing vulnerabilities. In terms of system patching and vulnerability remediation, it will also assist the security officer in identifying areas of weakness in the process. As a result, the suggested ways provide an alternate approach to managing and tracking vulnerabilities in an effective manner, although there is still a small area that needs additional analysis and research to make it even better.
Komplexe E-Commerce-Systeme müssen heutzutage immer schneller am Markt sein und sich an diesen anpassen. Dies wird durch SaaS-Services möglich, wodurch sich die Best-of-Breed-Lösungen einsetzen lassen. Der monolithische Ansatz der meisten E-Commerce-Systeme ist für diese Anwendungen nicht mehr geeignet. Abhilfe soll der Composable-Commerce-Ansatz schaffen. Für den Ansatz wird eine Integrationslösung benötigt. Ziel dieser Thesis ist es, Integrationslösungen zu evaluieren und mithilfe von Integration-Layer-Prototypen gegenüberzustellen. Es werden zwei Integrationslösungen ausgewählt, die als Prototyp implementiert werden. Für den ersten Prototypen wird Apache Camel in einem Spring-Boot-Server verwendet. Der zweite Prototyp setzt die AWS-eigenen Services für die Integration ein. Zum Schluss werden diese durch einen Last-Test auf ihre Performance geprüft.
An organized strategy to ensure the security of an organization is an information security management system. During various security crises, hazards, and breaches, this strategy aids an organization in maintaining the confidentiality, integrity, and accessibility of information. Organizations are getting ready to comply with information security management system criteria. Despite this, security concerns continue to plague ineffective controls, have poor connectivity, or cause a silo effect, which is a common cause. One of the causes is a low maturity model that is not synchronized with the organization’s business processes. For a higher level of maturity, it is best to evaluate the practices.
Different maturity models on information security and cyber security capacity, management processes, security controls, implementation level, and many more have already been developed by numerous international organizations, experts, and scholars. The present models, however, do not assess a particular organization's particular practices. The evaluation of the business process is frequently neglected because measurement requirements for models are typically more concentrated on examining specific elements. For this reason, it caused the maturity assessment to not be executed explicitly and broadly.
We developed an organizational information security maturity model, a combination of work of different maturity models currently existing. While making this model, we considered that any size or type of organization could use this model. The model considers the success elements of the information security management system when assessing the implementation's effectiveness. We employed a mixed-method strategy that included both qualitative and quantitative research. With the help of a questionnaire survey, we evaluated the previous research using a qualitative methodology. In the quantitative method, we'll figure out how mature the information security management system is now. The proposed model could be used to reduce security incidents by improving implementation gaps.
Due to the increasing aging of the population, the number of elderly people requiring care is growing in most European countries. However, the number of caregivers working in nursing homes and on daily care services is declining in countries like Germany or Italy. This limits the time for interpersonal communication. Furthermore, as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic, social distancing during contact restrictions became more important, causing an additional reduction of personal interaction. This social isolation can strongly increase emotional stress. Robotic assistance could contribute to addressing this challenge on three levels: (1) supporting caregivers to respond individually to the needs of patients and residents in nursing homes; (2) observing patients’ health and emotional state; (3) complying with high hygiene standards and minimizing human contact if required. To further the research on emotional aspects and the acceptance of robotic assistance in care, we conducted two studies where elderly participants interacted with the social robot Misa. Facial expression and voice analysis were used to identify and measure the emotional state of the participants during the interaction. While interpersonal contact plays a major role in elderly care, the findings reveal that robotic assistance generates added value for both caregivers and patients and that they show emotions while interacting with them.
Software-defined Access (SD-Access, SDA) hat aufgrund der flexiblen, automatisierten und schnelleren Verwaltung von Unternehmensnetzwerken erhebliche Aufmerksamkeit erlangt. Im Gegensatz zu traditionellen Netzwerken mit manuellen Prozessen, bietet SD-Access Zugriffsrichtlinien, Netzwerksegmentierung und Endpunktüberwachung in einer Lösung und trägt damit zur Netzwerksicherheit in Unternehmen bei.
Zunächst wird die SD-Access-Lösung von Cisco vorgestellt und herausgearbeitet, welche Komponenten dafür benötigt werden. Auf dieser Grundlage wird überprüft, welche Voraussetzungen zur Einführung von SD-Access im konkreten Anwendungsfall, dem SWR, geschaffen werden müssen.
Anschließend wird in einer experimentellen Phase im SWR-eigenen Netzwerklabor eine beispielhafte Architektur mit allen benötigten Komponenten zu Testzwecken konzeptioniert und implementiert. Dabei ist das Design und die Konfiguration möglichst nahe an der realen Umgebung des SWRs orientiert. Mit dem vorliegenden Testsetup werden dann bestimmte Funktionen und Anwendungsszenarien genauer aufgezeigt und die Relevanz für den Sicherheitsgewinn im SWR-LAN untersucht.
Darauf folgt eine abschließende Beurteilung des Sicherheits- und Effizienzgewinns durch die Einführung von SD-Access im SWR-Netzwerk.
This work addresses the conceptualization, design, and implementation of an Application Programming Interface (API) for the Common Security Advisory Framework (CSAF) 2.0, introducing another method for distributing CSAF documents in addition to two already existing methods. These don't allow the use of flexible queries as well as filtering, which makes it difficult for operators of software and hardware to use CSAF. An API is intended to simplify this process and thus advance the automation goal of CSAF.
First, it is evaluated whether the current standard allows the implementation of an API. Any conflicts are highlighted and suggestions for standard adaptations are made. Based on these results, the API is designed to meet the previously defined requirements. Subsequently, a proof of concept is successfully developed according to the design and extensively tested with specially prepared test data. Finally, the results and the necessary standard adjustments are summarized and justified.
The conceptual design and the implementation were successfully completed. However, during the implementation of the proof of concept, some routes could not be fully implemented.
Among the billions of smartphone users in the world, Android still holds more than 80% of the market share. The applications which the users install have a specific set of features that need access to some device functionalities and sensors that may hold sensitive information about the user. Therefore, Android releases have set permission standards to let the user know what information is being disclosed to the application. Along with other security and privacy improvements, significant changes to the permission scheme are introduced with the Android 6.0 version (API level 23). In this master thesis, the Android permission scheme is tested on two devices from different eras. The evolution of Android over the years is examined in terms of confidentiality. For each device, two applications are built; one focused on extracting every piece of information within the confidentiality scope with every permission declared and/or requested, and the other app focused on getting this type of information without user notification. The resulting analysis illustrates whether how and in what way the Android permission scheme declined or improved over time.